2001年国际燃油污染损害民事责任公约(中英文对照)

2001 年国际燃油污染损害民事责任公约(中英文对照) 简介： 由于 1967 年 Torry Canyon 轮近十万桶原油货油的污染事故， 导致了国际间制定了 1969 年的油污民事责任公约， 然其仅适用于来自油轮货油的污染。 燃油污染问题于八十年代初逐 渐受到重视，CLC 公约于 1992 年修订时(1992 年 CLC 议定书)，进一步将“油轮”的燃油 污染损害纳入规范。在 1992 年 CLC 议定书的研拟期间，部分国家主张应将“所有船舶”的 燃油污染纳入规范的提议或讨论。 然而由于 CLC 所规范的“油轮的货油或燃油”与“一般船舶 的燃油”有相当差异，为避免复杂及困扰从而影响议定书的通过，1992 年 CLC 议定书最后 仅将“油轮的燃油污染”纳入，而不包括 “一般船舶的燃油污染”。 在 1994 年 IMO 海洋环境保护委员会(MEPC)第三十八届会议上，澳洲提议 MEPC 发展国 际燃油污染损害赔偿机制。 MEPC 随后请 IMO 法律委员会考虑， 法律委员会于稍后的 1995 年第七十三届会议组成工作小组讨论此课题。实际上在 1996 年 HNS 公约起草阶段，IMO 法律委员会曾建议将燃油污染纳入该公约， 但因许多国家主张燃油污染应独立立法， 而使燃 油污染未被纳入 1996 年 HNS 公约架构之下。 燃油污染损害赔偿稍后成为 1996 年的 IMO 法律委员会第七十五届大会的主要议题。在该 大会上，英国代表提出一份由 U.K. P (iii)交存任何退出本公约的文件，连同交存的日期及其生效日期； (ⅳ)其它本公约下的通知。 (b) 将本公约核证无误的副本分送所有签字国和所有加入本公约的国家。 第十八条 送交联合国 本公约一经生效，本组织秘书长应按照联合国宪章第 102 条的规定将公约文本送交联合国 秘书处，以供登记与公布。 第十九条 文字 本公约正本一份，用阿拉伯文、中文、英文、法文俄文和西班牙文写成，各种文本具有同等 效力。 2001 年 3 月 23 日订于伦敦。 下列具名者，均经各自政府授权，特签署本公约，以昭信守。 INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION ON CIVIL LIABILITY FOR BUNKER OIL POLLUT ION DAMAGE,2001 Article 1 (Definitions) For the purposes of this Convention: 1. «Ship» means any seagoing vessel and seaborne craft, of any type whatso ever. 2. «Person» means any individual or partnership or any public or private body , whether corporate or not, including a State or any of its constituent subdivis ions. 3. «Shipowner» means the owner, including the registered owner, bareboat c harterer, manager and operator of the ship. 4. «Registered owner» means the person or persons registered as the owner of the ship or, in the absence of registration, the person or persons owning th e ship. However, in the case of a ship owned by a State and operated by a co mpany which in that State is registered as the ship’s operator, «registered ow ner» shall mean such company. 5. «Bunker oil» means any hydrocarbon mineral oil, including lubricating oil, u sed or intended to be used for the operation or propulsion of the ship, and an y residues of such oil. 6. «Civil Liability Convention» means the International Convention on Civil Lia bility for Oil Pollution Damage, 1992, as amended. 7. «Preventive measures» means any reasonable measures taken by any pers on after an incident has occurred to prevent or minimize pollution damage. 8. «Incident» means any occurrence or series of occurrences having the same origin, which causes pollution damage or creates a grave and imminent threa t of causing such damage. 9. «Pollution damage» means: (a) loss or damage caused outside the ship by contamination resulting from t he escape or discharge of bunker oil from the ship, wherever such escape or discharge may occur, provided that compensation for impairment of the envir onment other than loss of profit from such impairment shall be limited to cost s of reasonable measures of reinstatement actually undertaken or to be under taken; and (b) the costs of preventive measures and further loss or damage caused by pr eventive measures. 10. «State of the ship s registry» means, in relation to a registered ship, the Stat