高中英语45个高频词的一词多义和固定搭配

1. costThe ticket cost me ten dollars.（此句中cost用作及物动词,意为“花费”,这是cost的常用法之一。）The cost of living is much higher now than it was two years ago. （此句中cost用作名词,意为“价格,成本,费用”,这是它的常用法之二。） cost除了以上用法外,还有其它用法。如:① Has this project been costed? (cost用作及物动词,意为“估价,估计成本”。)② I must get the book at all costs. (at all costs意为“无论如何,不惜任何代价”。)③ She saved him from drowning, but at the cost of her own life. (at the cost of sth.意为“以牺牲某事物为代价”。) 2. dealTeachers should deal fairly with their pupils. （此句中deal用作不及物动词,常和with连用,意为“对待”,这是deal的常用法。） deal还有其它用法。如:①She spent a good deal of money on new clothes. (a good deal of意为“很多,大量”后接不可数名词。)②We tried to make sure everyone got a fair deal. (a fair deal意为“公平的待遇”。)③My bank deals in stocks and shares now. (deal in意为“经营”。)④The teacher dealt out the test papers to the students. (deal out意为“分发”。) 3. interestinterest在教材中的意思为“兴趣”和“使感兴趣”,分别作名词和动词用。 The money I borrowed from him was repaid with interest.What he did was just to protect his own interests.上面句子中的两个interest都作名词用。作“利息”讲时,为不可数名词;作“利益,好处”讲时,多用复数形式。 第一句可译为“我向他借的那笔钱是带息偿还的。”;第二句可译为“他所做的一切仅仅是为了保护他自己的利益。” 4. driveCan you drive a car? (drive用作动词,意思为“开车,驾驶”,是教材中的第一种用法。)Let’s go for a drive in the country. (drive用作名词,意思为“驱车旅行”,是教材中的第二种用法。) 除了以上用法外, drive还有其它用法。如：①The workers carried on a drive for greater efficiency last month. (drive用作名词,意思为“运动”。)②There are three buses parked on the drive. (drive用作名词,意思为“车道”。)③Poverty drove the little boy to steal. (drive用作动词,意思为“驱使”。)④I’m sure that I’ve driven my opinion home.(drive sth. home意思为“把……讲透彻,使充分理解”。)⑤Please drive the dog away. (drive sb./sth. away意思为“把……赶跑”。) 5. join v.用作名词时意思为“梦想,幻想”。 dream除了以上用法外,还有以下几种用法。如：Her new dress is an absolute dream. (dream用作名词,意思为“美丽或美好的人或事物”。) My aunt’s wedding ceremony went like a dream. (go like a dream是固定短语,意思为“非常顺利,完美”。) 7. knowI’ve known David for 20 years.I hope we have taught our children to know right from wrong.The old man has known both poverty and wealth.know在教材中的意思为“知道,了解”,作动词用。在上面的三个句子中, know都作动词用,第一个know的意思为“认识”;第二个know的意思为“区分”;第三个know的意思为“亲身经历”。 8. failIf you don’t work hard, you may fail.（此句中fail意为“失败;不及格,没有通过考试”。） fail还有其它用法。如:① He never fails to write to his mother every week.(fail意为“忘记、忽视或未能做某事”。)② She has been failing in health.(fail in意为“(健康状况)衰退”。)③ His friends failed him when he most needed them.(fail意为“使失望, 辜负”。)④ I had three passes and one fail.(fail用作名词,意为“考试不及格”。)⑤ I’ll be there at two o’clock without fail.(without fail意为“肯定,一定,必定”。) 9. leadlead在教材中有两种用法:用作动词时意思为“引导,领导”;用作形容词时意思为“领导的,领先的,带领的”。 除了教材中的用法外,lead还有以下几种用法。如：Which road leads to the mountain? (lead用作动词,意思为“通向,通往”。)My grandmother is leading a quiet life in the countryside. (lead用作动词,意思为“过某种生活”。)Not having a balanced diet can le