高中英语45个高频词的一词多义和固定搭配

1. costThe ticket cost me ten dollars.（此句中cost用作及物动词,意为“花费”,这是cost的常用法之一。）The cost of living is much higher now than it was two years ago. （此句中cost用作名词,意为“价格,成本,费用”,这是它的常用法之二。） cost除了以上用法外,还有其它用法。如① Has this project been costed cost用作及物动词,意为“估价,估计成本”。② I must get the book at all costs. at all costs意为“无论如何,不惜任何代价”。③ She saved him from drowning, but at the cost of her own life. at the cost of sth.意为“以牺牲某事物为代价”。 2. dealTeachers should deal fairly with their pupils. （此句中deal用作不及物动词,常和with连用,意为“对待”,这是deal的常用法。） deal还有其它用法。如①She spent a good deal of money on new clothes. a good deal of意为“很多,大量”后接不可数名词。②We tried to make sure everyone got a fair deal. a fair deal意为“公平的待遇”。③My bank deals in stocks and shares now. deal in意为“经营”。④The teacher dealt out the test papers to the students. deal out意为“分发”。 3. interestinterest在教材中的意思为“兴趣”和“使感兴趣”,分别作名词和动词用。 The money I borrowed from him was repaid with interest.What he did was just to protect his own interests.上面句子中的两个interest都作名词用。作“利息”讲时,为不可数名词;作“利益,好处”讲时,多用复数形式。 第一句可译为“我向他借的那笔钱是带息偿还的。”;第二句可译为“他所做的一切仅仅是为了保护他自己的利益。” 4. driveCan you drive a car drive用作动词,意思为“开车,驾驶”,是教材中的第一种用法。Let’s go for a drive in the country. drive用作名词,意思为“驱车旅行”,是教材中的第二种用法。 除了以上用法外, drive还有其它用法。如①The workers carried on a drive for greater efficiency last month. drive用作名词,意思为“运动”。②There are three buses parked on the drive. drive用作名词,意思为“车道”。③Poverty drove the little boy to steal. drive用作动词,意思为“驱使”。④I’m sure that I’ve driven my opinion home.drive sth. home意思为“把讲透彻,使充分理解”。⑤Please drive the dog away. drive sb./sth. away意思为“把赶跑”。 5. join v. n.What club do you want to join（此句中的join是及物动词,意为“加入,参加”,这是其最常见的用法。） 另外它还有其它用法。如①The two rivers join at the bridge.此句中的join是不及物动词,意为“会合,联合,相遇”。②The two pieces were stuck together so well that we could hardly see the join.此句中的join是名词,意为“连接处,接缝”。 6. dreamdream在教材中有两种用法用作动词时意思为“做梦,梦到”;用作名词时意思为“梦想,幻想”。 dream除了以上用法外,还有以下几种用法。如Her new dress is an absolute dream. dream用作名词,意思为“美丽或美好的人或事物”。 My aunt’s wedding ceremony went like a dream. go like a dream是固定短语,意思为“非常顺利,完美”。 7. knowI’ve known David for 20 years.I hope we have taught our children to know right from wrong.The old man has known both poverty and wealth.know在教材中的意思为“知道,了解”,作动词用。在上面的三个句子中, know都作动词用,第一个know的意思为“认识”;第二个know的意思为“区分”;第三个know的意思为“亲身经历”。 8. failIf you don’t work hard, you may fail.（此句中fail意为“失败;不及格,没有通过考试”。） fail还有其它用法。如① He never fails to write to his mother every week.fail意为“忘记、忽视或未能做某事”。② She has been failing in health.fail in意为“健康状况衰退”。③ His friends failed him when he most needed them.fail意为“使失望, 辜负”。④ I had three passes and one fail.fail用作名词,意为“考试不及格”。⑤ I’ll be there at two o’clock without fail.without fail意为“肯定,一定,必定”。 9. leadlead在教材中有两种用法用作动词时意思为“引导,领导”;用作形容词时意思为“领导的,领先的,带领的”。 除了教材中的用法外,lead还有以下几种用法。如Which road leads to the mountain lead用作动词,意思为“通向,通往”。My grandmother is leading a quiet life in the countryside. lead用作动词,意思为“过某种生活”。Not having a balanced diet can le