完形填空词语辨析题
——词语辨析题 完形填空题的另一个命题热点是考查词语辨析。词语辨析命题涉及以下四种类型: 1.同义词或近义词辨析 特点是选项中所给的四个词词性相同,词义相同或相近。主要考查考生在详细语言环境中对所学同义词或近义词的辨析和运用实力。(范围、程度、感情色调) 典例 The technique Mootee uses to treat people with OCD is called cognitivebehavioral therapy (认知行为疗法).“It is based on the general idea that people have the ability to change the 45 they think and behave,” says Mootee. 45.A.way B.C.solution D.means 答案 A 解析 考查同义词的辨析。分析句子结构可知,此空后为肯定语从句,此空是先行词。 way作先行词时,定语从句的引导词可以省略或用in which或者that,此处的定语从句中省略了引导词。再由空格后的behave可知,此处应用way。 2.形近词辨析 特点是选项中所给的四个词的词性相同,拼法(至少有两项)相近。这类题主要考查考生是否精确地驾驭了所学词汇的意义。 典例 Given the right tools,we can train our brains to act like what they did when we were younger.All that’s 50 is the practice designed just for the purpose:a few rcises for the mind. 50.A.required B.inquiredC.acquired D.requested 答案 A 解析 考查形近词辨析。acquire获得;inquire询问,打听;request恳求,要求;require 须要。“that’s ”是定语从句,修饰all。依据句意可知,required合适,意为“所须要的就是为了这个目的而设计的练习”。 3.常用词汇辨析 特点是选项中所给的四个词词性相同,脱离语境,或只看句子的一部分,可能会有两个或两个以上的正确答案,但经过语境分析,则只有一个是正确的。 典例 Driving home,everyone was in high Christmas spirits, 47 my younger daughter,Ginger,who was unusually 48 . 47.A.including B.besidesC.except D.regarding 48.A.quiet B.excitedC.happyD.ashamed 答案 47.C 48.A 解析 47.考查常用介词的辨析。此处表示“除了……之外”,故选C项。句意为:每 个人都心情高涨,只有我的小女儿例外。including包括……在内;besides作介词,意为“除……之外(还)”;except(用于所言不包括的人或事物前)除……外;regarding关于。 48.考查语境选词。quiet宁静的;excited兴奋的;happy兴奋的;ashamed惭愧的。依据整句话的意思可知,答案为A项。 4.转换词语辨析 特点是选项中所给的四个词为表示上下文各种逻辑关系的转换词语。这类题主要是考查考生对上下文逻辑关系的理解,如转折关系、让步关系、因果关系、递进关系、增补关系、对比关系等,并考查考生对转换词语的运用实力。 四个选项都是表示文章的起承转合、上下连贯等逻辑关系的词语,必需弄清句子前后的逻辑关系,才可作出正确选择。一个完整的语篇应当是符合逻辑的,文章逻辑关系的取得主要是过渡词的运用。 例:Carbon monoxide is a noxious gas.It can be extremely ____to living things. A.harmful B.good C.harm D.badly 1.Pigeon is often considered a(n)________ of peace. A. example B. sign C. mark D. symbol D.象征。句子意思:鸽子经常被人们当作和平的象征。 A.榜样 B信号、迹象 C标记、痕迹 2.If you spend enough money advertising, your product sales will surely_________. A. expand B. enlarge C. extend D. increase D增加。句子意思:假如你花足够的钱作广告,那么产品的销量就会增加。 A扩大、膨胀 B放大 C延长、扩展 3.We volunteered to collect money to help the ______ of the tsunami. A. victims B. folks C. fellows D. villagers A受害者。句子意思:我们志愿募集钱去帮助那些海啸中的受害者。 B人们、家属、亲属、民族/种族 C家伙、小伙子 D村民 4.By 1909, Picasso had______ himself as a painter of great talent in Paris. A. made B. recognize C. admitted D. established D. establish oneself as…确立……的地位。句子意思:直到1909年毕加索才在巴黎确立了天才画家的地位。 A使……成为 B承认、认出 C承认 7._________ most students, she was always well prepared and never came to class late. A. Like B. As C. For D. To A像。句子意思:像大多数学生一样,她总是准备充分,上课从不迟到。 as作为介词用意思为“作为”,for/to sb对某人而言 8.Everyone should fight for the_______ of their own country. A. favour B. reward C. honour D. prize C荣誉。句子意思为:人人都应当为自己国家的荣誉而战。 A赞许、嘉许 B回报 D奖金 10.It is widely accepted that young babies learn to do things because ce