2015整理被动语态讲解及练习附答案

20152015 整理被动语态讲解及练习整理被动语态讲解及练习 ( (附答案附答案) ) 初中被动语态讲解及配套练习初中被动语态讲解及配套练习 一、一、 主动语态与被动语态的概念：主动语态与被动语态的概念： 注：及物动词有被动语态，不及物动词必须带有介词才可以有被动语态。注：及物动词有被动语态，不及物动词必须带有介词才可以有被动语态。 例：⑴例：⑴WeWelisten tolisten tothe teacher carefully in class.the teacher carefully in class. 主主谓谓宾宾 →→The teacherThe teacheris listened tois listened toby usby uscarefully in class.carefully in class. 主主谓谓介词短语介词短语 ⑵Ｗ⑵Ｗe elaughed atlaughed athim .him . →→HeHewas laughed atwas laughed atby us.by us. 二：注：我们初中主要掌握前面四种的用法二：注：我们初中主要掌握前面四种的用法 时时 态态动词的被动形式动词的被动形式例例句句 一般现在时一般现在时is doneis doneHe is asked to do this.He is asked to do this. 一般过去时一般过去时was donewas doneThe story was told by her mother.The story was told by her mother. 一般将来时一般将来时will be donewill be doneThe problem will be discussed tomorrow.The problem will be discussed tomorrow. 现在进行时现在进行时is being doneis being doneThe novel is being written.The novel is being written. 过去进行时过去进行时was being donewas being doneAt that time the desk was being made.At that time the desk was being made. 现在完成时现在完成时has been donehas been doneThe house has been built.The house has been built. 过去完成时过去完成时had been donehad been doneThey said that their work had been finished.They said that their work had been finished. 过去将来时过去将来时would be donewould be doneHe said the trees would be planted soon.He said the trees would be planted soon. 三、三、 被动语态的各种句型：被动语态的各种句型： １、１、 ＴＴhe song is liked by young people. (he song is liked by young people. (肯定句肯定句) ) ２、２、 ＴＴhe song isnhe song isn’’t liked by young peoplet liked by young people（否定句）（否定句） ３、３、 Is the song liked by young people ?Is the song liked by young people ?（一般疑问句）（一般疑问句） ４、４、 Who is the song liked by ?=By whom is the song liked?Who is the song liked by ?=By whom is the song liked?（特殊疑问句）（特殊疑问句） 四、四、 主动语态改被动语态的方法：主动语态改被动语态的方法： 方法分为三步：⑴把原句中的方法分为三步：⑴把原句中的宾语改成主语宾语改成主语 ⑵动词改为变动形式⑵动词改为变动形式 be done(be done(同时注意时态同时注意时态) ) ⑶原来的主语如果需要的话放在介词⑶原来的主语如果需要的话放在介词 byby 后面，以指明做事的后面，以指明做事的 人或物，如果没有必要则省去人或物，如果没有必要则省去 例：例：The man killed a tiger.The man killed a tiger. →→ A tiger was killed by the man .(A tiger was killed by the man .(改的过程中要注意时态和语态两个方面改的过程中要注意时态和语态两个方面) ) 五、五、 特殊句型的被动语态：特殊句型的被动语态： 1 1含含有有使使役役动动词词（（makemake /let/let /have/have））或或感感官官动动词词（（ hearhear ,see,,see, listenlisten toto ,look,look at ,find ,watch,feelat ,find ,watch,feel 等）等）的句子，在主动语态中这些词后的句子，在主动语态中这些词后常跟不带常跟不带 toto 的动词不定式的动词不定式，但是，但是 在在改成被动语态时改成被动语态时，，则则一定要把省去的一定要把省去的 toto 再加上去再加上去，，另外另外 helphelp 这一个词在主动语态中后这一个词在主动语态中后 面的动词不定式可以带面的动词不定式可以带 to,to,也可不带也可不带 to,to, 但在但在被动语态被动语态中也中也必须把必须把 toto 加上去加上去。。 例：①例：①Mother oftenMother often makesmakes me me dodo some housework. some housework. →→I I amam oftenoften made to do made to do some housework by mother. some housework by mother. ②②WeWesawsaw him him run intorun into the classroom. the classroom. →→HeHe was seen to was seen to run into the classroom by us. run into the classroom by us. 带省带省 toto 的不定式作宾补的被动语态：动词的不定式作宾补的被动语态：动词+ sb + do sth .+ sb + do sth . 口诀：感使动词真叫怪，口诀：感使动词真叫怪，toto 来来 toto 去记心怀，主动语态去记心怀，主动语态 toto 离去，被