2020版英语新教材外研版必修一教案2

Section ⅡDiscovering Useful Structures GrammarGrammar ———— 定语从句(ⅡⅡ) [新知导引] 诵读下列例句并感知画线部分的共性 1．There are many reasons why this has been possible, bu t one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system. 2．Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where Chinese writing system began to d evelop in one direction. 3．I told my mum that I wanted to give up, and that I w ould never live in a country where German was spoken. 4．I finally understood the reason why my mum had enco uraged me not to give up. 5．Then I saw an advertisement that offered a wonderful s ummer course, and that was the day when I decided to take o n a new language. 6． The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. [共性呈现] 1．所有画线部分都是关系副词引导的定语从句。 2．关系副词 when 在定语从句中作时间状语(第 5、6 句)。 3．关系副词 where 在定语从句中作地点状语(第 2、3 句)。 4．关系副词 why 在定语从句中作原因状语(第 1、4 句)。 [语法精释] 一、关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词的指代及功能 关系副词先行词功能 when表示时间的名词时间状语 where表示地点的名词地点状语 whyreason原因状语 1. 1.关系副词 whenwhen 引导定语从句时，先行词应是表示时间的 名词，关系词在从句中作时间状语。 I still remember the day whenwhen I first went to the Great Wall. 我还记得我第一次去长城的那一天。 The day whenwhen we get together will come soon. 我们聚会的日子很快就会来的。 We will never forget the year whenwhen the 29th Olympic Ga mes were held in Beijing. 我们将永远不会忘记第 29 届奥运会在北京举办的那一年。 [名师点津]若时间名词后面的定语从句的引导词在从句 中作主语或宾语，则改用 which 或 that 引导。 Do you remember the days that/whichthat/which we spent together on the farm? 你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？(thatthat 或 whicwhic h h 作 spentspent 的宾语) 2 2．关系副词 wherewhere 引导定语从句时，先行词应是表示地点 或抽象地点的名词，关系词在从句中作地点状语。 The house wherewhere I lived ten years ago has been pulled d own. 我 10 年前居住的那所房子已经被拆了。 He is now working in the factory wherewhere his father worke d. 现在他正在他父亲工作过的那家工厂工作。 [名师点津]若地点名词后面的定语从句的引导词在从句中 作主语或宾语，则改用 which 或 that。 The school (which/thatwhich/that) we visited yesterday is newly bui lt. 我们昨天参观的那所学校是新建的。 (关系代词 which/thatwhich/that 在从句中作 visited 的宾语) 3 3．关系副词 whywhy 引导定语从句时，先行词常常为 reasonreason， 关系词在从句中作原因状语。 The reason whywhy he succeeded in the exam is that he stud ied very hard. 他考试成功的原因是他学习很认真。 Can you tell me the reason whywhy you didn t come to his b irthday party? 你能告诉我你没参加他的生日宴会的原因吗？ [名师点津]reason 后的定语从句的引导词若在从句中作主 语或宾语，则改用 which 或 that。 I don t know the reason whywhy he didn t turn to his good fr iend for help yesterday. 我不知道昨天他为什么没向他的好朋友求助。(why 作原因 状语) I won t listen to the reason that/whichthat/which you have given us. 我坚决不听你提供给我们的那个理由。 (定语从句中缺少宾 语，所以用 which/thatwhich/that，不用 why) [即学即练 1]对比填空：that, which, when, where, why (1)I will never forget the days that/which we spent togethe r. (2)I will never forget the days when we stayed together. (3)The reason that/which he explained at the meeting was not sound. (4)The reason why he was late was that he missed his tra in. (5)Keep the book in a place where you can find it easily. (6)This is the house which/that was built by my grandfath er forty years ago. 二、关系代词作介词的宾语 关系代词作介词的宾语时， 为了使关系代词与先行词的关系 更加紧凑，可以将从句中的介词提到关系代词前，形成“介词＋ 关系代词”结构。该结构中的关系代词可用which，whom 或 wh ose。