七年级上册词性的复习
七年级上册词性的复习 (一) 名词 1、名词的复数 (1) 、一般的直接加 s,如 desk (desks) 、pen(pens)、ruler(rulers) (2) 、以 x、s、ch、sh 结 尾的力口 es 如 box(boxes)> class(classes)> watch( watches)等 (3) 、以辅音字母加y结尾的要变y为i加es,如family ,comedy,documentary 等 (4) 、以 0 结尾的名词,有生命的加 es 如:tomato(tomatoes)、potato (potatoes ); 没有生命的加s,如 photo(photos)> piano(pianos)、zero(zeros) 2、名词所有格在名词的后边加,s,表示后面的名词属于前面的名词所有,如Li Lei s bag Tom s desk、her mother s brother 另:of表示的名词所有格:a photo of my family我的家庭照;a girl of five 一 个五岁的女孩 3、专有名词的大写 如 English> Brown 、Rush 、 Sunday 、January 、December> Beijing Opera (二) 动词 1、动词的种类(四类) 系动词如be(is am are);情态动词如can、may、need;助动词(do does);行为 动词如 take、bring> eat> have(has)> like> sell> buy> sale> play> see> find> go、watch> thank > think 等 2、动词的第三人称单数(与名词的复数一样) 如 eat(eats) take (takes) buy (buys) play (plays) have(has) are (is) 3、动词的时态(一般现在时) (1) 含有系动词的 I m a Chinese boy. She is twelve. He is Tim s brother. Her mother is an English teacher . 含有系动词的句子在变一般疑问句时只将“主语和系动词交 换位置“,上面句子变成一般疑问句时分别为 Are you a Chinese boy ?(注意第一人称通常变为第二人称) Is she twelve ? Is he Tim s brother ? Is her mother an English teacher ? 含有系动词的句子在变否定句时只须“在系动词的后边加上 not”,前面的几个了陈述句变否定句分别为 I m not a Chinese boy. She isn t twelve. He is not Tim s btother. Her mother isn t an English teacher. (2) 含有情态动词的句子(can ), She can play basketball. His mother s cousin can sing many English songs. 含有情态动词的句子在变一般疑问句时只须将“主语和情态 动词交换位置“,上面两句变一般疑问句分别为 Can she play basketball ? Can his mother s cousin sing many English songs ? 变否定句分别为 变否定句分别为 含有情态动词的句子在变否定句时直接在情态动词的后边加上not,上面两个陈述句 She can not play basketball. His mother s cousin can not sing many English songs. (3) 含有行为动词的句子 We have many friends. They watch TV at 7 in the evening. The students take their books to school. I have lunch at school. You have a sister. ①含有行为动词的句子在变一般疑问句时要在原句子的前面加do.上面的句子变成 一般疑问句分别为 Doyouhavemanyfriends ? DotheywatchTVat 7 in theevening ? Do the students take their books to school ? Doyouhavelunchat school ? Do you have a sister ? ⑵含有行为动词的句子在变否定句时只须在行为动词前加 don t.上述五个陈述句变否定句分别为 We don t have many friends. They don twatchTVat 7in the evening. The studentsdon ttaketheirbooks to school. I don t have lunch at school. You don t have a sister. ③含有行为动词的句子,当主语是第三人称单数时,行为动 词要加s (或es)如: She has a red pen. He has eggs for breakfast. Her mother buys a skirt for her. She likes thrillers. My brother watches TV every evening. He wants to go to a movie. 含有行为动词的句子,当主语是第三人称单数时,变一般疑 问句要“在原句子的前面加上does ,同时行为动词要还原”上 面的句子变成一般疑问句分别为: Does she have a red pen ? Does he have eggs for breakfast ? Does her mother buy a skirt for her ? Does she like thrillers ? Does your brother watch TV every evening ? Doeshe want to go to a movie ? 含有行为动词的句子,当主语是第三人称单数时,变否定句 时“在行为动词前面加does,nt,同时原行为动词要还原”。上面 的句子变否定句分别为: She doesn t have a red pen. He doesn t have eggs for breakfast. Her mother doesn t buy a skirt for her. She doesn t like thrillers. My brother doesn t watch TV every evening. He doesn t