氧化还原反应方程式大全

- - - word.zl- 非金属单质〔F2 ，Cl2 , O2 , S, N2 , P , C , Si〕 1, 氧化性： F2 + H2 === 2HF F2 +Xe(过量)===XeF2 2F2〔过量〕+Xe===XeF4 nF2 +2M===2MFn (表示大局部金属) 2F2 +2H2O===4HF+O2 2F2 +2NaOH===2NaF+OF2 +H2O F2 +2NaCl===2NaF+Cl2 F2 +2NaBr===2NaF+Br2 F2+2NaI ===2NaF+I2 F2 +Cl2 (等体积)===2ClF 3F2 (过量)+Cl2===2ClF3 7F2(过量)+I2 ===2IF7 Cl2 +H2 ===2HCl 3Cl2 +2P===2PCl3 Cl2 +PCl3 ===PCl5 Cl2 +2Na===2NaCl 3Cl2 +2Fe===2FeCl3 Cl2 +2FeCl2 ===2FeCl3 Cl2+Cu===CuCl2 2Cl2+2NaBr===2NaCl+Br2 - - - word.zl- Cl2 +2NaI ===2NaCl+I2 5Cl2+I2+6H2O===2HIO3+10HCl Cl2 +Na2S===2NaCl+S Cl2 +H2S===2HCl+S Cl2+SO2 +2H2O===H2SO4 +2HCl Cl2 +H2O2 ===2HCl+O2 2O2 +3Fe===Fe3O4 O2+K===KO2 S+H2===H2S 2S+C===CS2 S+Fe===FeS S+2Cu===Cu2S 3S+2Al===Al2S3 S+Zn===ZnS N2+3H2===2NH3 N2+3Mg===Mg3N2 N2+3Ca===Ca3N2 N2+3Ba===Ba3N2 N2+6Na===2Na3N N2+6K===2K3N N2+6Rb===2Rb3N P2+6H2===4PH3 - - - word.zl- P+3Na===Na3P 2P+3Zn===Zn3P2 2．复原性 S+O2===SO2 S+O2===SO2 S+6HNO3(浓)===H2SO4+6NO2+2H2O 3S+4 HNO3(稀)===3SO2+4NO+2H2O N2+O2===2NO 4P+5O2===P4O10(常写成 P2O5) 2P+3X2===2PX3 〔X 表示 F2，Cl2，Br2〕 PX3+X2===PX5 P4+20HNO3(浓)===4H3PO4+20NO2+4H2O C+2F2===CF4 C+2Cl2===CCl4 2C+O2(少量)===2CO C+O2(足量)===CO2 C+CO2===2CO C+H2O===CO+H2(生成水煤气) 2C+SiO2===Si+2CO(制得粗硅) Si(粗)+2Cl===SiCl4 (SiCl4+2H2===Si(纯)+4HCl) Si(粉)+O2===SiO2 - - - word.zl- Si+C===SiC(金刚砂) Si+2NaOH+H2O===Na2SiO3+2H2 3，〔碱中〕歧化 Cl2+H2O===HCl+HClO 〔加酸抑制歧化，加碱或光照促进歧化〕 Cl2+2NaOH===NaCl+NaClO+H2O 2Cl2+2Ca〔OH〕2===CaCl2+Ca〔ClO〕2+2H2O 3Cl2+6KOH〔热，浓〕===5KCl+KClO3+3H2O 3S+6NaOH===2Na2S+Na2SO3+3H2O 4P+3KOH〔浓〕+3H2O===PH3+3KH2PO2 11P+15CuSO4+24H2O===5Cu3P+6H3PO4+15H2SO4 3C+CaO===CaC2+CO 3C+SiO2===SiC+2CO 二，金属单质〔Na，Mg，Al，Fe〕的复原性 2Na+H2===2NaH 4Na+O2===2Na2O 2Na2O+O2===2Na2O2 2Na+O2===Na2O2 2Na+S===Na2S〔爆炸〕 2Na+2H2O===2NaOH+H2 2Na+2NH3===2NaNH2+H2 4Na+TiCl4〔熔融〕===4NaCl+Ti - - - word.zl- Mg+Cl2===MgCl2 Mg+Br2===MgBr2 2Mg+O2===2MgO Mg+S===MgS Mg+2H2O===Mg〔OH〕2+H2 2Mg+TiCl4〔熔融〕===Ti+2MgCl2 Mg+2RbCl===MgCl2+2Rb 2Mg+CO2===2MgO+C 2Mg+SiO2===2MgO+Si Mg+H2S===MgS+H2 Mg+H2SO4===MgSO4+H2 2Al+3Cl2===2AlCl3 4Al+3O2===2Al2O3〔钝化〕 4Al(Hg)+3O2+2xH2O===2(Al2O3.xH2O)+4Hg 4Al+3MnO2===2Al2O3+3Mn 2Al+Cr2O3===Al2O3+2Cr 2Al+Fe2O3===Al2O3+2Fe 2Al+3FeO===Al2O3+3Fe 2Al+6HCl===2AlCl3+3H2 2Al+3H2SO4===Al2(SO4)3+3H2 2Al+6H2SO4(浓)===Al2(SO4)3+3SO2+6H2O (Al,Fe 在冷,浓的 H2SO4,HNO3 中钝化) - - - word.zl- Al+4HNO(稀)===Al(NO3)3+NO+2H2O 2Al+2NaOH+2H2O===2NaAlO2+3H2 2Fe+3Br2===2FeBr3 Fe+I2===FeI2 Fe+S===FeS 3Fe+4H2O(g)===Fe3O4+4H2 Fe+2HCl===FeCl