最系统的小升初英语必考知识点汇总
最系统的小升初英语必考知识点汇总最系统的小升初英语必考知识点汇总 第一篇、基础知识第一篇、基础知识 1.字母:26 个字母的大小写 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz 2.语音:元音的发音 五个元音字母:AEIOU 12 个单元音:长元音:/ɑ:/,/ɔ:/,/ :/, /i:/,/u:/ 短元音:// /e/ /i/ / ɔ / /∧/ /u/ / / 3.词汇:词汇量,近反义词 4.句子:大小写,标点符号 一、一、 第二部分:语法知识第二部分:语法知识 一.名词:名词单复数,名词的格 (一)名词单复数 1.一般情况,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2. 以 s. x. sh. ch 结尾, 加-es, 如: bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y 为 i, 再加-es,如: family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4.以“f 或 fe”结尾,变 f 或 fe 为 v, 再加-es,如: knife-knives 5.不规则名词复数: man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children,foot-feet,tooth-teeth, fish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 不可数名词的复数就是原型: paper, juice, water, milk, rice, tea (二)名词的格 (1) 有生命的东西的名词所有格: a)单 数 后 加’s如 :Lucy’srulermy father’s shirt b) 以 s 结尾的复数名词后加’如: his friends’ bags c)不以 s 结尾的复数后加 ’s children’s shoes 并列名词中,如果把 ’s 加在最后一个名词后,表示 共有, 如: Tom and Mike’s car 汤姆和迈克共有的小汽车 要表示所有物不是共有的,应分别在并列名词后加’s Tom’s and Mike’s cars 汤姆和麦克各自的小汽车 (2)表示无生命东西的名词通常用“ of +名词”来表示 所有关系:如: a picture of the classroom a map of China 二.冠词:不定冠词,定冠词种类: (1)不定冠词:a / an a unit / an uncle 元音开头的可数名词前用 an : an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card / an alarm clock / an actor / an actress / an e-mail / an address / an event / an example / an opera / an houran old man / an interesting book / an exciting sport / an action movie / an art lesson / (2)定冠词:the the egg the plane 2. 用法: 定冠词的用法: (1)特指某(些)人或某(些)物: The ruler is on the desk. (2) 复述上文提到的人或物: He has a sweater. The sweater is new. (3)谈话双方都知道的人或物:The boys aren’t at school. (4)在序数词前:John’s birthday is February the second. (5)用于固定词组中: in the morning / afternoon / evening 不用冠词的情况: (1)专有名词前:China is a big country. (2)名词前有定语:this , that , my , your , some, any , no 等: This is my baseball. (3)复数名词表示一类人和事:Monkeys can’t swim. They are teachers. (4) 在节日, 日期, 月份, 季节前: Today is Christmas Day. It’s Sunday. (5)一日三餐前:We have breakfast at 6:30. (6)球类 棋类运动前:They often play football after class. He plays chess at home. * 但乐器前要用定冠词:I play the guitar very well. (7)学科名称前:My favorite subject is music. (8)在称呼或头衔的名词前:This is Mr Li.