中考英语介词用法讲解
中考英语介词用法讲解 中考英语介词用法讲解 一、介词短语的句法作用 一、介词短语的句法作用 1、介词短语相当于一个形容词或副词,可用作状语、定语和表语。 如:The man came .(状) The woman is from the countryside.(定) The teacher is now with the pupils.(表)(老师现在和学生在一起) 2、介词短语在句子中的位置: 介词短语做状语时,如果表示时间/地点,可以放在句首或句尾,如果表示方向/方式/伴随/涉及/原因/目的/比较,一般放在句尾; 介词短语作表语时放在连系动词之后;介词短语作定语时,只能放在被修饰的名词之后。 如:He wanted to find a good job in Shanghai the next year.(状语) They searched the room for the thief. The letters are for you.(表语) Have you seen a cat with a black head and four white legs?(定语) 二、介词的详细讲解 表时间的介词: 1.at通常用于: 确切的时间: at 7:30, at a quarter past six 用餐时间:at lunch time 表示在一段节日期间:at Christmas 固定词组搭配:at dawn, at night, at midnight, at noon, at that time, at the moment 2. on通常用于: 确定某天的某段时间:on the evening of May 3rd 星期:on Friday 确切日期:on June lst 节日当天: on Children s Day, on New Year s Day 文学类的天气描述:on a dark evening, on a snowy day 3. in通常用于: 一天中的某段时间:in the morning/afternoon/evening 大概的月份、年份:in June,in 2004 季节:in spring,in the cold winter 世纪:in the 20th century, in the late 18th century 特定的年龄段,in his thirties (在他30多岁时) 【友情提示】“in十一段时间”用于将来时。 1 / 10 中考英语介词用法讲解 e.g. He will come back in an hour.他一小时后会回来。 “after+一段时间”用于过去时 4.在以next, last, this引起的时间状语及tomorrow, tonight, yesterday, the day after tomorrow,.ago等时间状语前及指示代词,名词所有格及形容词性物主代词前一般不加介词。 5.for 和since 用于现在完成时,用how long 来提问: for + 时间段 since + 时间段 + ago since + 时间点 since + 一般过去时句子 如: Uncle Li has worked in this factory since 1970. Uncle Li has worked in this factory for over 30 years. 6. 其他常见的时间介词 after在…以后 after 3 days before在…以前 3 days before past过了…(时) 20 past 8 (8点20分) to到(下一时刻) 20 to 8 (7点40) through 贯穿…(期间) through the year from从…(时)起 by到…为止, till直到…时, until直到…时, ever since从那时起至今 表地点的介词 over(正上方) 、 above(上方的一片) 、 on(接触的平面) under(正下方) 、 below(下方的一片) at + 小地方 (场所如学校、医院、剧场等) in + 大地方 (州、区域、国家、城镇、) on +门牌,某层楼 across在…对面(go across从平面穿过 / go through从立体的) through与across、over的用法区别: through指“穿过…(门洞/人群/树林)”; across和over可以指“跨越…(街道/河流)”,可互换,但是表示“翻过…”时只能用over. 如:Just then a rat ran across the road. There is a bridge across/over the river. They climbed over the mountain and arrived there ahead of time. The visitors went through a big gate into another park. among在…中间 (三者以上之间) between在.之间(两者之间,两两相互之间)、 2 / 10 中考英语介词用法讲解 in front of在.前(外部) in the front of在.前(内部) 如:A car was parking in front of the hall In the front of the hall stood a big desk. close to靠近., 表方位的介词 across横越., against对抗., along沿着., around绕着., at朝着., behind向…后面, between…and…从…到., by路过/通过., down向…下, for向., from从/离., in进入., into进入., inside到.里面, near接近., off脱离/除., on在.上, out of向.外, outside向外, over跨过., past经过/超过.