中考英语介词用法讲解
中考英语介词用法讲解 中考英语介词用法讲解 一、介词短语的句法作用 一、介词短语的句法作用 1、介词短语相当于一个形容词或副词,可用作状语、定语和表语。 如The man came down the stairs.状 The woman with a flower on her head is from the countryside.定 The teacher is now with the pupils.表老师现在和学生在一起 2、介词短语在句子中的位置 介词短语做状语时,如果表示时间/地点,可以放在句首或句尾,如果表示方向/方式/伴随/涉及/原因/目的/比较,一般放在句尾; 介词短语作表语时放在连系动词之后;介词短语作定语时,只能放在被修饰的名词之后。 如He wanted to find a good job in Shanghai the next year.状语 They searched the room for the thief. The letters are for you.表语 Have you seen a cat with a black head and four white legs定语 二、介词的详细讲解 表时间的介词 1.at通常用于 确切的时间 at 730, at a quarter past six 用餐时间at lunch time 表示在一段节日期间at Christmas 固定词组搭配at dawn, at night, at midnight, at noon, at that time, at the moment 2. on通常用于 确定某天的某段时间on the evening of May 3rd 星期on Friday 确切日期on June lst 节日当天 on Childrens Day, on New Years Day 文学类的天气描述on a dark evening, on a snowy day 3. in通常用于 一天中的某段时间in the morning/afternoon/evening 大概的月份、年份in June,in 2004 季节in spring,in the cold winter 世纪in the 20th century, in the late 18th century 特定的年龄段,in his thirties (在他30多岁时) 【友情提示】“in十一段时间”用于将来时。 1 / 10 中考英语介词用法讲解 e.g. He will come back in an hour.他一小时后会回来。 “after一段时间”用于过去时 4.在以next, last, this引起的时间状语及tomorrow, tonight, yesterday, the day after tomorrow,...ago等时间状语前及指示代词,名词所有格及形容词性物主代词前一般不加介词。 5.for 和since 用于现在完成时,用how long 来提问 for 时间段 since 时间段 ago since 时间点 since 一般过去时句子 如 Uncle Li has worked in this factory since 1970. Uncle Li has worked in this factory for over 30 years. 6. 其他常见的时间介词 after在以后 after 3 days before在以前 3 days before past过了时 20 past 8 8点20分 to到下一时刻 20 to 8 7点40 through 贯穿期间 through the year from从时起 by到为止, till直到时, until直到时, ever since从那时起至今 表地点的介词 over(正上方) 、 above(上方的一片) 、 on(接触的平面) under(正下方) 、 below(下方的一片) at 小地方 场所如学校、医院、剧场等 in 大地方 (州、区域、国家、城镇、) on 门牌,某层楼 across在对面(go across从平面穿过 / go through从立体的) through与across、over的用法区别 through指“穿过门洞/人群/树林”; across和over可以指“跨越街道/河流”,可互换,但是表示“翻过”时只能用over. 如Just then a rat ran across the road. There is a bridge across/over the river. They climbed over the mountain and arrived there ahead of time. The visitors went through a big gate into another park. among在中间 (三者以上之间) between在...之间(两者之间,两两相互之间)、 2 / 10 中考英语介词用法讲解 in front of在...前(外部) in the front of在...前(内部) 如A car was parking in front of the hall In the front of the hall stood a big desk. close to靠近..., 表方位的介词 across横越..., against对抗..., along沿着..., around绕着..., at朝着..., behind向后面, betweenand从到..., by路过/通过..., down向下, for向..., from从/离..., in进入..., into进入..., inside到...里面, near接近..., off脱离/除..., on在...上, out of向...外, outside向....外, over跨过..., past经过/超过.