高中英语考前必备知识点梳理
01名词 ★★★★★ 常考的不可数名词有: water,advice,air,work,time,homework,bread,milk,fun,ination,news,progress,practice,weather,wealth,voice,room(空间), knowledge,equipment , attention,wildlife,patience,furniture , technology,luggage,baggage等。 word:表示“言语,话”时是可数名词表示消息 重点,(不可数):Word came that.消息传来 【易错】1.当名词作定语时,数的变化分两种:(1)当man和woman修饰名词复数时,将man和woman同时变为复数,如:a man doctor→some men doctors。(2)当不是man或woman修饰时,只把被修饰的名词变为复数,如:a girl student→two girl students。2. 修饰不可数名词的词:some, any much, little, a lot of/lots of, a little3.既可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词的常见修饰语:some/any一些 all全部的most大多数的 enough足够的a lot of/lots of/plenty of许多所有格:人:两者各自拥有:Mike’s and John’s room两者共有: Mike and John’s复数所有格:teachers’ office物: the picture of my family 【技法词汇】1. 以下词汇出现:these,those,few,a few,many,several, different, various, some, a good/great many(of)2.修饰不可数名词的常用修饰语有this,that,little,a little,a bit of,much,a great deal of,a large amount of 等。3.有些修饰语既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词,如:all,some,enough,a lot of, lots of,plenty of,a (large)quantity of 等。4.只用复数名词belongings n.财产 possessions n.财产 congratulations祝贺surroundings n.环境 findings n.发现 good/bad manners n.有礼貌/没礼貌take turns 轮流 in all directions 四面八方 in ruins 严重受损;破败不堪 02数词 基数词:one 、two、 three 、four、 five序数词: first 、second、third、fourth 、fifth(一)基变序 变化规则 1-12 fourth、sixth、seventh、tenth、eleventh13-19 “ teen+th”不变化规则 1-12 first、second、third、ffith、eighth、ninth、twelfth整十(以ty结尾)ty→tieth twenty-twentieth几十几 只变个位 fifty-one →fifty-first【要点】(1)表示年龄:on one’s/the + 序数词 birthday 在某人.岁的生日in one’s + 基数词复数 在某人几岁时 in one s fifties(在某人五十多岁时)。at the age of nine(九岁)He is ten years old. = He is ten-year-old boy.(2)“基数词+连字符+名词”(=形容词)作定语,名词用单数形式。如:a fiveyear plan一个五年计划a tenminute walk=ten minutes’ walk步行10分钟的路程(3) two more hours.=another two hours. 再,又,另外多两个小时(4)分数表达法:分子(基数词)/分母(序数词),当分子>1时,分母用复数形式,one fifth, two fifths(5)百分数:基数词 +percent 5%次数:once、 twice、three times (基础词+ times)(6)页码 Page + 基数词, e.g. Page 12概数词 03冠词 1.定冠词the ①上文提及,独一无二,普通名词构成的专有名词前,西洋乐器前,序数词前,最高级前,用定冠词the。 ②含有修饰限定词的结构中 ③“the+adj.”表示一类人 2.泛指,表“一个”用a/an。往往没有修饰限定词,a/an+(形容词)+单数可数名词①首字母是元音字母,但发辅音,用冠词a,如a university,a+useful/usual/unique/united/European/oneeyed/oneway +名词②以u开头,但用an(往往是un否定前缀):an+unusual/unhappy/unforgettable+名词,an umbrella雨伞③首字母是辅音字母但发元音: an hour,an honor,an+honest+名词 3.固定搭配中的冠词①定冠词thecatch/hit/take+sb.+介+the+身体部位,in the 1990s,on the Internet,in/over/during the past days/months/years在过去的……日/月/年,make the most/best of充分利用,in the countryside在乡下,be in the habit of有……的习惯,at the same time同时,at the top of在……的顶端,for the time being暂时,the other day=a few days ago几天前,on the way在途中,in the long term/run长远看来,the more.,the more.句型 ②不定冠词a/anhave a good time玩得高兴,make a living谋生,as a result因此,for a while一会,in a hurry匆忙地,in a word总之,at a distance离一段距离,a waste of.浪费,a matter of.……的问题,have a good knowledge of 精通;掌握,make an apology道歉,pay a visit to拜访,keep an eye on照看;关注③抽象名词具体化:表示一个……的人/事a success/pleasure/comfort/surprise/failure ③不用冠词①月/季/星期/节假(day 构成