名词性从句讲解及专项练习(最全面详细逻辑清楚的整合!

名词性从句 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句 和同位语从句。 一、名词性从句 主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句，在整个句子中所起的作用，相当于一个 名词。因此，这四种从句统称为名词性从句。 1. 主语从句 作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。 主语从句通常由从属连词that, whether, if和连接代词what, who, which, whatever, whoever以及连接副词how, when, where, why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作 用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句 的成分。例如： What he wants to tell us is not clear.他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。 It is known to us how he became a writer.我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。 Where the English evening w山 be held has not yet been announced.英语晚会将在哪里举行，还 没有宣布。 有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语 从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下： (1) It + be + 名词(a pity/pleasure/shame/ good idea/ no wonder) + that 从句 It s a great pity that they didn t get married. (2) It + be + 形容词 (necessary^strange/clear/ certain/ likely/ right/ wrong/ surprising /true ) + that 从句 It s strange that there are no lights on. (3) It + be + 动词的过去分词(said/ told/ known / reported/ suggested/ believed/ hoped/thought) + that 从句 It is required that all members be present. (4) It + 不及物动词(seems/appears/ happens) + that 从句 It seems that he knows the whole story. 另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用 虚拟语气“(should)+do”，常用的句型有： It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that … It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that*** It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that 2. 宾语从句 名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。 引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样，在句中可以及物动 词或介词的宾语。 某些结构中可用it作形式宾语 1) 动词如make, find, think, feel, consider, believe等后面有宾语补足语时，可用结构 为：vt+it+宾语补足语(adj./n.)+宾语从句 I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day. 2) 有些表示好恶的动词如like, hate, appreciate, dislike等带宾语从句时需要在宾语从句 前加it I hate it when they speak with their mouths full of food. 3) that引导宾语从句时一般不能充当介词宾语，但可作in, but, except的宾语，其他介 词后要用it作形式宾语。 Your composition is well written except that the organization is a bit loose. You can depend on it that he will come to our aid. 3. 表语从句 在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。 引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后，有时 用as if引导。其基本结构为：主语+系动词+that从句。例如： The fact is that we have lost the game.事实是我们己经输了这场比赛。 That is why he didn, t come to the meeting.那就是他为什么不到会的原因。 It looks as if it is going to rain.看上去天要卜雨了。 需要注意的，当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because0例如： The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning 4. 同位语从句 同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。同位语从句通常由that引导，可用于同位语从句 的名词有 advice> demanddoubt> fact、hope^ idea、inationmessage> news^ order> problempromise> questionx requestx suggestion> truth> wish、word 等。例如： The news that we won the game is exciting,我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人激动。 I have no idea when he will come back home.我不知道他什么时候回来。 The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill.他想到可能玛丽生病 了。 二、引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 连接词：that, whether, if, as if, as though 连接代词: what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever. 连接副词：when, where, how, why (1)・由连接词that引导的名词性从句 %1 that引导主语从句 1 .that引导主语从句时，that在从句中不充当成分，位于句首绝对不可省略，在口语中 和非正式问题中后置时常可省略。 e.g. That she gets on well with her classm