中考英语动词不定式考点全攻略附答案
中考英语动词不定式考点全攻略(附答案)中考英语动词不定式考点全攻略(附答案) 动词不定式历来是中考英语命题的热点之一。它是动词的一种非谓语形式, 没有人称和数的变化,不能单独作句子的谓语。其构成形式为“(not)to+动词原 形“。 考点攻略一:动词不定式作主语考点攻略一:动词不定式作主语 1)动词不定式直接用在主语位置:To see you is always a pleasure. 2)如果主语较长,则可以用 it 作形式主语,而将真正的主语(不定式)置于后 面。 ① It is +形容词+(of sb.) to do sth. 此处常用 careless, clever, foolish, honest, kind, nice, rude, stupid, silly, wrong, wise等形容词, 与介词 of 搭配, 这些形容 词常表述不定式逻辑主语的属性或性质。 It’s brave of you to jump into the river to save the boy! ② It is +名词或形容词+ (for sb.)to do sth. 此处常用 necessary, hard, difficult, easy, important, impossible 等形容词,与介词 for 搭配,表示不定式的动作或 行为的性质。 It is our duty to keep our classroom clean.It is important for us to protect the environment. ③It takes sb. some time to do sth. It usually takes us about two and a half hours to travel from Shanghai to Japan. 考点攻略二:动词不定式作宾语考点攻略二:动词不定式作宾语 其后常接不定式作宾语的动词有: agree, afford, choose, decide, expect, plan, promise, manage, hope, wish, want, seem, refuse, fail 等。 I didn’t expect to see you here. 在某些复合宾语中,动词有 find, consider, think, make, feel,常先用 it 代替不定 式,作形式宾语,而把不定式放到后面去。 I find it impossible to finish the task on time. 考点攻略三:动词不定式作宾语补足语考点攻略三:动词不定式作宾语补足语 动词不定式作宾补,即“动词+宾语+(not)to do sth.” ,接不定式作宾补的常 见动词有: advise, allow, ask, cause, expect, beg, encourage, get, help, invite, teach, order, remind, tell, want, wish, warn 等。 My parents always tell me not to be late for school. 考点攻略四:动词不定式作表语考点攻略四:动词不定式作表语 不定式作表语一般位于系动词之后,表示具体动作,特别是表示将来的动作; 若主语是 aim, duty, hope, idea, job, plan, problem, purpose, wish等名词,不定式作 表语是对主语起补充说明作用。 It is said that they are to visit China next month. My wish is to become a scientist like Einstein. 考点攻略五:动词不定式作定语考点攻略五:动词不定式作定语(常用于名词之后) 。 由 only, last, next,序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词常用不定式做定语, Tom is always the first student to arrive at school. 注:动词不定式注:动词不定式 toto 后所接动词若是不及物动词,而不定式与其修饰的词之间后所接动词若是不及物动词,而不定式与其修饰的词之间 有动宾关系时,此不定式后要加相应的介词。有动宾关系时,此不定式后要加相应的介词。 We haven’t decided which hotel to stay at.I need a pen to write with. 考点攻略六:动词不定式作目的状语考点攻略六:动词不定式作目的状语。如: To keep fit, students are advised to do morning rcises. so as to (不可用于句首使用),in order to 也可以引导目的状语。 I walked slowly on the icy road in order not to fall down. 考点攻略七:动词不定式与疑问词连用考点攻略七:动词不定式与疑问词连用。疑问代词 who, what, which 和疑问副 词 when, where, how 等后加动词不定式, 构成不定式短语, 可在句子中作主语、 宾语、表语等成分。如:The problem is how to get there on time. 注:当主句谓语动词注:当主句谓语动词 knowknow,,telltell,,forgetforget,,rememberremember,,learnlearn,,explainexplain 等后接疑等后接疑 问词(连接代词问词(连接代词/ /副词)引导的宾语从句,且该从句的主语与主句的主语一致时,副词)引导的宾语从句,且该从句的主语与主句的主语一致时, 宾语从句可转换成宾语从句可转换成“ “疑问词(连接代词疑问词(连接代词/ /副词)副词)+ +不定式(短语)不定式(短语)” ”形式。形式。 We don’t knowwhat we should do next. = We don’t knowwhat to do next. 考点攻略八:动词不定式考点攻略八:动词不定式 toto 的省略情况的省略情况 1)、在有些使役动词及感官动词后可用省略 to 的动词不定式,如 let, make, have, hear, see, feel, smell, hear, watch等,但在被动结构中,to 不可省略。 The teacher makes me rewrite the composition. 2)、在下列结构后常用不带 to 的动词不定式:had better, would rather, cannot help, 等。 I’d better go now, or I’ll miss the train. 3)、 在 why not 结构中, 其后的动词不定式 to 要省略。 如: Why not send those books back? 自我测试自我测试 I. Choose the be