基于虚拟仪器的应变测试系统

下载后可任意编辑 基于虚拟仪器的应变测试系统—毕业论文 摘要： 应变测试技术是机械工程中应用最广泛的技术之一,传统的应变测试技术已逐渐不能适应测试技术进展的需求。虚拟仪器技术以计算机为核心,是目前测试技术的进展方向,但其软件开发过程较复杂,限制了虚拟仪器技术在应变测试领域的应用与进展。 为了解决这一问题,本文以LabVIEW 8.0为平台开发了虚拟应变测试软件系统。首先,在与传统系统作对比讨论后,系统设计为由功能模块组建,功能模块的设计模型为“事件-循环-状态机”。其次,参考传统应变测试流程,设计了软件系统的执行流程。再次,从底层开发了完成基本测试与控制功能的模块:初始化参数、调平衡、并联标定、滤波、应力及载荷显示、时域分析、频域分析、信号的保存、回放、生成试验报告、系统的静态标定。最后,利用测试系统进行了测试实验。 在连接硬件系统后,测控人员根据测试需求在本系统的主面板上选择相应的功能模块组建软件系统,即可进行应变测试及分析,避开了测控人员在虚拟应变测试过程中繁琐的软件开发工作。 关键词： 虚拟仪器;，应变;，测试系统，LabVIEW的; 功能模块 Abstrac Strain test is one of the most widely applied technologies in mechanical engineering. Nowadays, the conventional strain test technology gradually can’t keep up with the step of modern test technology’s development. Virtual Instrument, whose core is computer, is becoming the main trend of test technology instead of conventional instruments. But the software development of virtual Instrument is rather complicate, it limits the application and development of virtual instrument technology in strain test field. In order to solve the problem mentioned above, a strain test software system was developed in LabVIEW 8.0. First, functional module design was adopted to construct the software system based on studying the test using traditional instruments.In the process of realizing functional module,“event-loop-state machine”model was designed. Second, the running procedure of software system was designed based on studying the conventional test process. Third, based on the strain test hardware system consisting of NI SCXI-1520 etc., the modules including parameter initialization, bridge balance, shunt calibration, filter, stress and load display, time domain analysis, frequency domain analysis, data storage, signal replay, experiment report generation and static calibration of system were developed to implement the test and control assignment. Finally, some experiments were done to validate the system’s reliability. The user was capable of carrying out the strain test and analysis task using the corresponding software test system constructed only through clicking the functional buttons on the system’s main board according to the test requirement. It makes user far away from the complicate software development. Key words：Virtual Instrument;;Strain;;Test system;;LabVIEW;; Functional module 目录 摘要 3-4 Abstract 4 1 引言 9-14 1.1 应变测试技术现状 9-10 1.2 虚拟仪器技术概述 10-11 1.3 虚拟仪器技术的应用和进展前景 11-13 1.4 论文的讨论意义 13-14 1.5 论文的主要任务 14 2 电阻应变测试技术基础 14-17 2.1 基本原理 14-16 2.2 系统结构 16-17 3 虚拟应变测试软件系统开发环境 17-20 3.1 虚拟应变测试系统硬件 17-20 3.2 虚拟应变测试系统开发工具 20 4 虚拟应变测试系统的程序设计 20-43 4.1 总体设计思路 20-23 4.2 系统的总体结构与功能 23-25 4.3 数据采集 25-27 4.4 各功能模块的设计 27-43 4.5 本章小结 43 5 系统的测试试验 43-47 5.1 静态标定试验 43-45 5.2 动态应变测试试验 45-47 6 总结 47-48 6.1 结论 47 6.2 建议 第一章 引言 （一）应变测试技术 应变测量是机械工程中分析零件或结构受力状态、验证设计的正确性、确定整