2021年定西中考数学试卷及答案
27. (10 分)如图 13,△ACB 和△ECD 都是等腰直角三角形,∠ACB=∠ECD=90°,D 为 AB 边上一点,求证: (1)△ACE≌△BCD; (2)AD2 DB2 DE2. 28. [[1212 分分+ +附加附加 4 4 分]分]如图 14(1) ,抛物线y x 2x k与 x 轴交于 A、B 两点,与y 轴交于点 C(0,3) . [图 14(2) 、图 14(3)为解答备用图] (1)k ,点 A 的坐标为,点 B 的坐标为 图 ;13 (2)设抛物线y x 2x k的顶点为 M,求四边形 ABMC 的面积; (3)在 x 轴下方的抛物线上是否存在一点D,使四边形 ABDC 的面积最大?若存在,请求 出点 D 的坐标;若不存在,请说明理由; (4)在抛物线y x 2x k上求点 Q,使△BCQ 是以 BC 为直角边的直角三角形. 图 14(1)图 14(2)图 14(3) 附加题:如果你的全卷得分不足附加题:如果你的全卷得分不足 150150 分,则本题与分,则本题与 2828 题附加的题附加的 4 4 分的得分将记入总分,但分的得分将记入总分,但 记入总分后全卷得分不得超过记入总分后全卷得分不得超过 150150 分,超过按分,超过按 150150 分算.分算. 29. (7 分)本试卷第19 题为:若a 2 2 2 20072008 ,b ,试不用将分数化小数的方法比较 .. 20082009 a、b 的大小. 观察本题中数 a、b 的特征,以及你比较大小的过程,直接写出你发现的一个一般结论. 武威、金昌、定西、白银、酒泉、嘉峪关武威、金昌、定西、白银、酒泉、嘉峪关 武威市武威市 20212021 年初中毕业、高中招生考试年初中毕业、高中招生考试 数学试卷参考答案与评分标准数学试卷参考答案与评分标准 一、选择题:本大题共一、选择题:本大题共 1010 小题,每小题小题,每小题 3 3 分,共分,共 3030 分.分. 题号123456 答案BDABDB 7 C 8 A 9 A 10 C 二、填空题:本大题共二、填空题:本大题共 8 8 小题,每小题小题,每小题 4 4 分,共分,共 3232 分.分. 11.912. x 3, 13.60o14.二、四 y 4 15.x 116.答案不唯一,如 AC=BD,∠BAD=90o,等17. 5 18.答案不唯一.如:①c=3;②b+c=1;③c-3b=9;④b=-2;⑤抛物线的顶点为(-1,4) , 或二次函数的最大值为 4;⑥方程-x2+bx+c=0 的两个根为-3,1;⑦y0 时,-3-1 时,y 随 x 的增大而减小;或当 x-1 时,y 随 x 的增大 而增大.等等 三、解答题(一)三、解答题(一) :本大题共:本大题共 5 5 小题,共小题,共 3838 分.分. 19. 本小题满分 6 分 200821220072009(20081)(20081) 解:∵ a=,···························3 分 200820092008200920082009 20082 b, ···············································································4 分 20082009 ··········································································5 分2008212 20082,· ∴ ab. ·································································································6 分 说明:求差通分作,参考此标准给分.若只写结论ab,给 1 分. 20. 本小题满分 6 分 解:∵ab a2b2, ∴(4 3) x (4232) x 7 x 72 x2.··········3 分 ∴72 x2 24. ∴x2 25. ·······························································4 分 ∴x 5. ···························································································6 分 21. 本小题满分 8 分 解:∵ 随机闭合开关S1、S2、S3中的两个,共有 3 种情况:S1S2,S1S3,S2S3. 能让 灯泡发光的有S1S3、S2S3两种情况.···························································4 分 ∴ 能让灯泡发光的概率为 2 . ···································································8 分 3 22. 本小题满分8分 解:从图中可以看出,在室内厚为acm的墙面、宽 为4cm的门框及开成120°的门之间构成了一 个直角三角形,且其中有一个角为60°. ········ 3分 从而a=4×tan60° ······································· 6分 =4×3≈ 6。9(cm).······················· 8分 即室内露出的墙的厚度约为6。9cm. 23. 本小题满分 10 分 解: (1)一次函数.························································································2 分 (2)设y kxb. ··················································································3 分 22 16k b, ·········································································5 分 2819k b. k 2, 解得 ·······················································································7 分 b 10. ∴y 2x10. (x 是一些不连续的值.一般情况下,x 取 16、16。5、17、17。5、…、 由题意,得 26、26。5、27 等) ···············································································8 分 说明:只要求对