Unit1ART第五课时导学案(人教版选修6)
班级 姓名 小组 第五课时 语法学案 虚拟语气(Subjunctive mood) 学习目标: 1. 语言 目标 Language aims: Get the students to study Subjunctive mood (虚拟语气) 2. 能力目标 Ability aims: Enbale students to use Subjunctive mood correctly and properly. 重点 key points: Enable the students to use Subjunctive mood properly as the object complement.(能够 正确使用虚拟语气)难点difficult points: Enable the students to use the correct of the subjunctive mood. 学习方法 learning : Summarizing; comparative ; practising activities. 一、语气的分类 英语的动词一般可带三种不同的语气: 陈述语气,祈使语气和虚拟语气。不同的语气用动词的不同形式来表示。 陈述语气:I went to the theatre yesterday. Jack hadn t come back home yet. 祈使语气:Let怎go. 虚拟语气:(A级) 表示说的话不是事实,或者是不可能发生的情况,而是一种愿望、建议或者与事实 相反的假设等。一般常用于正式的书面语中。与现在事实相反的条件句虚拟语气 在条件句中共有三种情况:与现在的事实相反;与过去的事实相反;与将来的事 实相反。本单元只练习与现在或将来的事实相反的条件句,其谓语动词的形式如 下: 含义 if条件从句 主句 与现在事实相 反 If l(we,you,he,she,they)+动词过去式; be动词一律用were would/should/could/ might +动词原形 与将来事实相 反 If l(we,you,he,she,they)+should+动词原 形 If l(we,you,he,she,they)+were+to+动词原 形 If l(we,you,he,she,they)+动词过去式 If I were you, I would go there. If he were here, 1 would return him the books.如果他在这儿,我就会把书还给他。 If he came here, he might be able to help you.如果他来这,他就能够帮助你了。 If I had enough money, 1 would buy a computer.如果我有足够的钱,我就去买一台电脑。 If it should be necessary, I could get to the station at half past five. 如果有必要,我可以在五点半到达车站。 【巩固运用】 If I(be) not busy, I would help you now.如果我现在不忙,我就来帮你了。 What should we do if it(snow) tomorrow?如果明天下雪 了,我们怎么办? 二、虚拟语气特殊句型: wish后的宾语从句 ① 表达愿望,与现在事实相反,用一般过去时。过去时(were) I wish I had a room of my own.但愿我有一间属于自己的房间。(事实上没有) I wish that I knew the skill of perspective.但愿我知道透视画法的技巧。(事实上不知 【巩固运用】 I wish everyday(be) my birthday ② 对过去发生的事情表示遗憾或后悔,用过去完成时。(had done) I wish I hadn t eaten so much food. 【巩固运用】 I wish I(come) here earlier.我早些来这里就好了。(事实上没有早来) ③ 针对将来表达愿望,虽然可能性极小,但有实现的可能,用would / could / might+ 动词原形。 不能用should I wish you wouldn t smoke any more.希望你别再抽烟。(不抽烟的可能性很小) I sincerely wish that I might do something to help you. 我真切地希望我能为你做点什么。(帮忙的可能性很小) I wish I would grow tall. 【巩固运用】 ① I wish I (be)ten years younger now.我现在要是年轻十岁就好了。 ② I wish I(meet) him yesterday.我昨天要是遇见他就好了。 ③ I wish I(be) a scientist. 我希望成为一名科学家。 ④ I wish I( be)as tall as YaoMing ⑤ I wish I(be)a bird. ⑥ The party was terrible, I wish I never(go)to it. ⑦ I wish it(rain) tomorrow 知识延伸:lo wish后的宾语从句中常用were代替was。 I wish 1 were as clever as you. 但愿我像你一样聪明 2. 动词hope后面不用虚拟语气,而用相应的时态表达与过去、现在或将来有关的希 望。 I hope you ll be better soon.我希望你能很快好起来。 温馨提示 1. 虚拟条件从句中常用were代替was. (A级) If I were vou,I would buy a big car.如果我是你,我会买一辆大一点的轿车。 2. 在含有were / should / had的虚拟条件句中,if可被省此时从句要用倒装语序,把were / should / had提到句首。(B级) Were I a bird,I could fly freely.=If I were a bird,I could fly freely. 假如我是一只小鸟,我就能自由翱翔。 Should it rain next week, we would put the sports meeting off. =if it should rain next week, we would put the sports meeting off. 要是下周下雨的话,我们就推迟运动会。 Were you in my position, you would do the same.假如你处在我的地位,你也会这样干 的。 =1