英语重点语法归纳：倒装含答案

重点语法重点语法————倒装倒装 倒装句课文示例：倒装句课文示例： 1) NeverNever will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper. (Line 1, Page 26) 2) Not onlyNot only am I interested in photography, but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills. (Line 13, Page 26) 3) Only ifOnly if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the ination you need to know. (Line 17, Page 26) 语法讲解语法讲解 一、定义：如果将谓语的全部或一部分放在主语之前，这种语序被称为“倒装”。 二、分类：1. 全部倒装: 谓语全部放在主语之前; 2. 部分倒装: 只把助动词（do\have 的各个形式）、系动词或情态动词放在 主语之前。 三、倒装原因： 1. 语法结构的需要（如某些疑问句）； 2. 为了强调； 3. 保持句子的平衡或是上下文紧密衔接。 ★倒装句之全部倒装★倒装句之全部倒装 全部倒装是指句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。 此结构通常只用与一般现在时 和一般过去时。常见的结构有： 1. there be1. there be 句型句型 其中 be 动词有时可用 exist, live, stand, lie, seem, appear, remain, happen 等词代替。 1) There is an experienced teacher and many lovely students in the classroom. 2) There lay a winding brook in front of an old house. 2. 2. 方位词方位词 in, out, there, here, inside, outside, up, down, away, off, downstairs, upstairsin, out, there, here, inside, outside, up, down, away, off, downstairs, upstairs 等以及时间副词等以及时间副词now, then, nextnow, then, next置于句首置于句首, , 谓语动词常用谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run, standbe, come, go, lie, run, stand等，等， 并且句子的主语是名词。为以示强调或为了使情景更生动并且句子的主语是名词。为以示强调或为了使情景更生动, , 要全部倒装。要全部倒装。 1) Away flew the bird which I bought yesterday. 2) Now comes your turn to sweep the floor. * *注意：主语是人称代词时，仍用自然语序。注意：主语是人称代词时，仍用自然语序。Away they went.Away they went.(=They went away.)(=They went away.) 3. 3. 直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时，有时用倒装。直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时，有时用倒装。 “What’s up, Tom?” asked Mother.“The car is mine,” said Tom. * *注意：主语是代词时，不倒装。注意：主语是代词时，不倒装。“The car is mine,” he said.“The car is mine,” he said. 4. 4. 为了句子结构平衡的需要为了句子结构平衡的需要, ,或为了强调状语或为了强调状语( (常为介词短语常为介词短语) )，或为了使上下文紧密衔，或为了使上下文紧密衔 接，有时将状语提前。接，有时将状语提前。 1 1) They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy. 2) Nearby were the canoes in which they had come to the island. 5. 5. 主语太长，表语太短，为了平衡句子结构的需要主语太长，表语太短，为了平衡句子结构的需要, ,将表语提前。将表语提前。 1) Inside the pyramid are the burial rooms for the kings and queens. 2) Gone are the days when we are enslaved. 6. such6. such 和和 bebe 连用作表语时，也常用倒装语序。连用作表语时，也常用倒装语序。 1) Such was not his intention.2) Such are the facts. ★倒装句之部分倒装★倒装句之部分倒装 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词、 系动词倒装至主语之前。 如果 句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词、系动词，则需添加，并将其置于主语之前。 1. 1. 句首为否定或半否定的词语句首为否定或半否定的词语，如 no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until…,Not only…but also, Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than等。 1) Never have I seen such a perance. 2) Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. 3) Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 4) Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. 5) Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. 6) No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her. * *注意：如否定词不在句首不倒装。注意：如否定词不在句首不倒装。 1) I have never seen such a perance. 2) The mother didn t leave the room until the child fell asleep. 典型例题典型例题 1) Why can t I smoke here? —At no time