英语词汇学知识点归纳

《《 英英 语语 词词 汇汇 学学 》》 知知 识识 点点 归归 纳纳 ( ( 总总 1 1 6 6 页页 ) ) --本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可-- --内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小-- English Lexicology(English Lexicology(英语词汇学英语词汇学) ) LexicologyLexicology（词汇学）（词汇学）: is a branch of linguistics, inquiring into the origins and meanings of words. The Nature and Scope of English lexicologyThe Nature and Scope of English lexicology： English lexicology aims at investigating and studying the morphological structures of English words and word equivalents, their semantic structures, relations, historical development, ation and usages. The subjects that English Lexicology correlated with and extent toThe subjects that English Lexicology correlated with and extent to： English Lexicology is correlated with such linguistic disciplines as morphology(形态学), semantics(语义学), etymology(词源学),stylistics（文体论） and lexicography(词典学) The reason for a student to study English lexicologyThe reason for a student to study English lexicology： According to the textbook, English Lexicology will definitely be beneficial for students of English. A good knowledge of morphological structures of English words and rules of word-ation will help learners develop their personal vocabulary and consciously increase their word power. The ination of the historical development and the principles of classification will give them a deeper understanding of word-meaning and enable them to organize, classify and store words more effectively. The understanding and their sense relations will gradually raise their awareness of meaning and usage, and enable them use words more accurately and appropriately. A working knowledge of dictionaries will improve their skills of using reference books and raise their problem-solving ability and efficiency of individual study. Chapter 1--Basic concepts of words and vocabularyChapter 1--Basic concepts of words and vocabulary WordWord（词的定义）（词的定义）: : A word is a minimal free of a language that has a given sound and meaning and syntactic function. (1)a minimal free of a language (2)a sound unity (3)a unit of meaning (4)a that can function alone in a sentence Sound and meaningSound and meaning（声音与意义）（声音与意义）: almost arbitrary, “no logical relationship between the sound which stands for a thing or an idea and the actual thing and idea itself” Sound and Sound and （读音和形式）（读音和形式）:不统一的四个原因（1）the English alphabet was adopted from the Romans,which does not have a separate letter to represent each other （2）the pronunciation has changed more rapidly than spelling over the years（3）some of the difference were creates by the early scribes （4）the borrowings is an important channel of enriching the English vocabulary VocabularyVocabulary（词汇）（词汇）: all the words in a language make up its vocabulary Classification of English WordsClassification of English Words：： By use frequency:basic word stock&nonbasic vocabularyBy use frequency:basic word stock&nonbasic vocabulary By notion:content words&functional wordsBy notion:content w