岩土工程专业英语

一. 综合类 1.geotechnical engineering 岩土工程 2.foundation engineering 基础工程 3.soil, earth 土 4.soil mechanics 土力学 cyclic loading 周期荷载 unloading 卸载 reloading 再加载 viscoelastic foundation 粘弹性地基 viscous damping 粘滞阻尼 shear modulus 剪切模量 5.soil dynamics 土动力学 6.stress path 应力路径 7.numerical geotechanics 数值岩土力学 二. 土的分类 1.residual soil 残积土 groundwater level 地下水位 2.groundwater地下水 groundwater table 地下水位 3.clay minerals 粘土矿物 4.secondary minerals 次生矿物 5.landslides 滑坡 6.bore hole columnar section 钻孔柱状图 7.engineering geologic investigation 工程地质勘察 8.boulder 漂石 9.cobble 卵石 10.gravel 砂石 11.gravelly sand 砾砂 12.coarse sand 粗砂 13.medium sand 中砂 14.fine sand 细砂 15.silty sand 粉土 16.clayey soil 粘性土 17.clay 粘土 18.silty clay 粉质粘土 19.silt 粉土 20.sandy silt 砂质粉土 21.clayey silt 粘质粉土 22.saturated soil 饱和土 23.unsaturated soil 非饱和土 24.fill (soil)填土 25.overconsolidated soil 超固结土 26.normally consolidated soil 正常固结土 27.underconsolidated soil 欠固结土 28.zonal soil 区域性土 29.soft clay 软粘土 30.expansive (swelling) soil 膨胀土 31.peat 泥炭 32.loess 黄土 33.frozen soil 冻土 三. 土的基本物理力学性质 1.cccompression index 2.cuundrained shear strength 3.cu/p0ratio of undrained strength cu to effective overburden stress p0 (cu/p0)NC,(cu/p0)ocsubscriptsNCandOCdesignatednormally consolidated and overconsolidated, respectively 4.cvanecohesive strength from vane test 5.e0natural void ratio 6.Ipplasticity index 7.K0coefficient of “at-rest ”pressure ,for total stressesσ1 andσ2 8.K0’domain for effective stressesσ1 ‘ andσ2’ 9.K0nK0for normally consolidated state 10.K0uK0coefficient under rapid continuous loading ,simulating instantaneous loadingor an undrained condition 11.K0dK0coefficient under cyclic loading(frequency less than 1Hz),as a pseudo- dynamic test for K0 coefficient 12.kh,kvpermeability in horizontal and vertical directions, respectively 13.Nblow count, standard penetration test 14.OCRover-consolidation ratio 15.pcpreconsolidation pressure ,from oedemeter test 16.p0effective overburden pressure 17.p sspecific cone penetration resistance, from static cone test 18.quunconfined compressive strength 19.U, Umdegree of consolidation ,subscript m denotes mean value of a specimen 20.u ,ub ,umpore (water) pressure, subscripts b and m denote bottom of specimen and mean value, respectively 21.w0 wL wpnatural water content, liquid and plastic limits, respectively 22.σ1,σ2principal stresses, σ1 ‘ andσ2’ denote effective principal stresses 23.Atterberg limits 阿太堡界限 24.degree of saturation 饱和度 25.dry unit weight 干重度 26.moist unit weight 湿重度 27.saturated unit weight 饱和重度 28.effective unit weight 有效重度 29.density 密度 pactness 密实度 31.maximum dry density 最大干密度 32.optimum water content 最优含水量 33.three phase diagram 三相图 34.tri-phase soil 三相土 35.soil fraction 粒组 36.sieve analysis 筛分 37.hydrometer analysis 比重计分析 38.uniity coefficient 不均匀系数 39.coefficient of gradation 级配系数 40.fine-grained soil(silty and clayey)细粒土 41.coarse- grained soil(gravelly and sandy)粗粒土 42.Unified soil classification system 土的统一分类系统 43.ASCE=American Society of Civil En