完整版高考英语重点词汇辨析—动词

动词部分动词部分 1 1．．accuse / chargeaccuse / charge accuse 和 charge 都有“指责，控告”之意，有时可通用，但结构不一样。accuse 不一定针对重大过 失或罪行， 其结构为 accuse sb of sth。 而 charge 一般用于重大过失或罪行， 其结构为 charge sb with sth， 此结构还有“使某人负有……责任”之意。 My father accused me of my being too careless. 父亲责备我太粗心。 He accused me of neglecting my duty. 他指控我玩忽职守。 He charged me with neglecting my duty. 他指控我玩忽职守。 Jimmy was charged with murder. 吉米被控谋杀。 He was charged with an important task. 他担负有一项重要任务。 2 2．．add / add to / add up / add up toadd / add to / add up / add up to add：增加，把……加上。add…to…：把……加到。 At the end of the party, we added another program. You needn’t add any water to the medicine. add to：增添。指增添喜悦、悲伤、麻烦等。 His coming added to our trouble. 他的到来给我们添了麻烦。 add up：加起来。 Have you added up all the numbers? add up to：总计。表示加起来的结果，无被动结构。 All the numbers added up to 100. 3 3．．advise / suggestadvise / suggest advise：建议，劝说。 I advised (his) trying again. (= suggest) I advised that we (should) try again. (= suggest，虚拟语气。) I advised him to give up smoking. I advised him not to smoke. Could you advise us on how to learn English? Could you give us some advice on how to learn English? suggest：建议，表明，暗示。 We suggest having a meeting at once. (= advise) We suggest that a meeting (should) be held at once. (= advise，虚拟语气。 His pale face suggests that he is in poor health. 他那苍白的脸色表明他身体欠佳。 4 4．．agree with / agree to / agree onagree with / agree to / agree on agree with：同意，赞成后接“人”或 what 从句作宾语；适合，适应；一致。 I don’t quite agree with you. Nobody agreed with what he had said at the meeting. The weather here doesn’t agree with most of us. 这里的天气我们多数人不适应。 3：Your words do not agree with your actions. 你的言行不一。 agree to：同意，赞成。指一方同意另一方的意见、建议、观点、想法等。 John can’t agree to Joe’s idea. agree on：对……达成共识。指双方或多方对某事取得一致意见。 Finally John and Joe agreed on the plan. 5 5．．allow / permit / let / promiseallow / permit / let / promise allow：允许，许可。指听任或默许，也可用来表示客气的请求。 Who allowed you to leave the camp？ Smoking is not allowed here. Please allow me to introduce myself to you. permit：允许，许可。通常指正式的许可。 He declared that he would permit me to do so. allow 和 permit 的含义虽然有所差别，但实际运用中两者常通用。 let：允许，让。其后的宾语补足语应是不带 to 的不定式。一般不用于被动语态。 Don’t let this happen again. This is not allowed to happen again. 不说：This is not let to happen again. promise：答应，允诺。用于主动答应自己要做什么的场合。 They promised an immediate reply. He promised to start at once. I promised him to see to the matter right away. (我答应他马上处理这件事。不定式 to see to 是主语 I 发出的。) 6 6．．announce / declareannounce / declare announce：宣布，宣告。常指首次公开或正式宣布人们关心的某件事情。 The government announced that the danger was past. It was announced that the national science conference would soon be held in Beijing. 另外，要表达“向某人宣布某事” ，应用 announce to sb sth。后接 to sb 的动词还有 say，explain 等。 He announced to us the news and then said to us, “Now let me explain to you in details.” 他向我们宣布了这个消息，然后对我们说： “现在让我详细给你们解释吧。 ” declare：宣布，声明。指以正式的话语公开宣布某件事。 The chairman declared the exhibition open. 主席宣布展览会开幕。 7 7．．answer / replyanswer / reply answer：回答，回应。 “Tom!” No one answered. Please answer