并列复合句
并列复合句 1. 并列复合句的定义:由并列连词and, but, or等把两个或两个以上的简洁句连在一起而构成的句子。 2. 并列复合句的构成: 并列复合句的基本结构是:简洁句+并列连词+简洁句 例如:I help him and he helps me. You must put on your coat, or you’ll have a bad cold in such a cold day. 3. 常用的并列连词: 一、 表示转折对比关系的并列连词 1. but但是,可是,而,却 连接两个简洁句,有时句中某些词可以省略;连接两个并列成分,可以放在 一个句子的句首,后面不接逗号。 例:I hope you don t mind me asking , but where did you buy those shoes ? 2. yet但是;尽管如此 可连接两个句子,用逗号分开,也可在yet 前加and ,还可以放在一个句子 的句首。 例:The car is old, yet it is in good condition. 这辆车旧了,但车 况很好。 3. while而,但是,可是,却 while 作连词用时,可表示对比或转折关系。 例:I do every single bit of housework while my husband Bob just does the dishes now and then. 二、表示因果关系的并列连词 1. for因为 由并列连词for 引导的分句常置于句子后部,而且常用逗号与前面的分句隔 开。for 分句主要是对前一分句补充说明理由或推断缘由。for 分句不能用来回 答why 问句。 例:I did my best not to show pleasure, but what I was feeling was pure happiness, for my words had the power to make people laugh. 2. so 因此 可以连接两个句子,中间有时用逗号隔开;也可在so前加and ;还可以放在 一个句子的句首。 例:The shop doesn t open until 11 a.m. , so it loses a lot of business. 三、 表示选择关系的连词 or or连接并列成分时,意为“或者,还是”;用于否定句中,意为“也不”, 这时不宜用and ;还有“否则,要不然”之意,相当于otherwise. 例:Hurry up!Or you will be late! 四、表示并列关系的并列连词 1. and和,同,与,又,并且,就 例:Stand over there and you ll be able to see it better. 2. not only …… but also ……不仅……而且 例:Not only I but also Jane and Mary are tired of having one examination after another. 3. neither…… nor……既不……也不 例:They worked neither for fame nor for personal gains.他们工作一 不为名,二不为利。 4. both …… and……既……又 例:A man should have both courage and wisdom.人既要有志气又要有智 慧。 五、其他并列连词 1. not…… but……不是……而是 It was not the bones of an animal but of a human being. 这不是一只 动物的骨头,而是人的骨头。 2. rather than而不是;与其……宁愿 Rather than go on foot, he always prefers to ride a bicycle.与其走路,他通常都会宁愿踩单车 3. when 正值那时,相当于and at that time Tom was holidaying with her family in a wildlife park when she was bitten on the leg by a lion.当汤姆被一头狮子咬的时候,他正和他的家人在一个野生动物园度假留意:(1)用来连接两个并列概念的连接词有and , not only…but also…, neither…nor…, both… and…, as well as,等,and所连接的前后分句往往表示先后关系、递进关系。前后分句的时态往往保持一样关系,若第一个分句是祈使句,那么其次个分句用将来时。 (2) 表示在两者之间选择一个, 常用的连接词 or, not… but…(不是……而是……), either…or…(要么……要么),等,前后分句的时态往往保持一样关系,若第一个分句是祈使句,那么其次个分句用将来时。 (3) 表明两个概念彼此有冲突、相反或者转折, 常用的连接词有but (但是),yet(可是),while(而,另一方面),however(可是)等,前后分句时态一样。 (4) 表示因果关系,常见连词because, as, for(因为), so 等。 用连接词for ,前后分句时态一样。 4. 并列连词前后简洁句之间的关系: (1) 并列关系。 如:They are watching TV, and the others are listening to the radio. I’m a doctor and she is a nurse. 留意: A. and 用于连接两个意思一样或连贯的词或短语,意为“和,又,而且,然后”。 如:He is able to read and write. B. and 用在祈使句后表示结果,意为“那么”。 如:Work hard and you will pass your examination. (2) 选择关系。 如:The children can go with us, or they can stay at home. 留意:or 还可以用于说明缘由,意为“不然,否则”。 He must like her, or he wouldn’t keep calling her. (3) 转折关系。 如:It has no mouth, but it can talk. 它没有嘴巴,但是它会说话。 School is over, yet all the teachers are still working. 学校放学了,可是老师们仍旧在工作。 He wants to be a writer, while I want to be a scientist. 他想当作家,而我则想当科学家。 It s raining hard,