谓语动词的时态和语态

谓语动词的时态和语态谓语动词的时态和语态 一．谓语的概念一．谓语的概念 谓语动词指在句子中充当谓语的动词，有行为动词，系动词，情态动词和助动词等几种，其中行为动词又包 括及物动词和不及物动词。谓语成分就是用来说明主语的动作或状态的， 一般由动词或动词短语承担。 如果句子 中没有动词充当谓语的时候，就使用“be”动词。 Tom’s garden is beautiful. My aunt always looks young. He cannot swim. Some women are washing clothes by the river. I have got a new job. We will visit the Great Wall tomorrow. The rabbit was shot dead. They will be invited to attend the meeting. The child opened his eyes, looking at his mother for a while. No one can avoid being influenced by advertisements. 谓语动词的时态谓语动词的时态 时态是英语谓语动词的一种形式,表示动作发生的时间和所处的状态.英语中的时态是通过动词形式本身的 变化来实现的。 英语有 16 种时态,但中学阶段较常用的有十种:一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,过去将来时, 现在进行时,过去进行时,将来进行时,过去完成时,现在完成时和现在完成进行时. 表一、谓语动词时态一览表表一、谓语动词时态一览表 时态时态 Be(Be(动动词词) )单单数数 形式形式 一般现在时 现在进行时 现在完成时 现在完 成进 行时 am, is; am/is being; has been; 谓语动词形式谓语动词形式 Be(Be(动词动词) )复数形复数形 式式 are are being have been WriteWrite （普通动词）（普通动词） 单数单数 形式形式 writes; am /is writing has written; has been writing, WriteWrite（普通动词）复数（普通动词）复数 形式形式 write are writing have written have been writing 11 一般将来时am/is going toare going to beam/is going to write,are going to write be;shall be, willwillwrite,shallwill write;write; write,shall shall be, willbe; be; 将来进行时 一般过去时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去将来时 was; was being, had been, would be were will be writing wrote will be writing wrote were writing had written would write were being;was writing had beenhad written would be,were would write, wasgoingtogoing tobe be 表二、表二、 各种时态常用的时间状语各种时态常用的时间状语 时态时态 一般现在时 时间状语时间状语 was going to write;were going to write always,usually,often,constantly,frequently,sometimes,seldom, rarely, never, on Sundays, every morning, 一般过去时yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982, just now, one day/ morning/evening 现在进行时 过去进行时 now, at present, currently, nowadays, at this moment this morning, the whole morning, all day, yesterday, from nine to ten, last year, when, while, as 现在完成时recently, already, never, ever, just, yet, so far, up to now, by now, 22 in/over the past/last 40 years, always, ever since, since then, since+ 过去具体时间, for+一段时间, 现在完 成进 行时 过去完成时 all day/ morning/ night by the end of last year/month/ week, two hours/ minutes/ days earlier, when, after, before, as soon as 一般将来时next week, month, year, tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, in the future, in+一段时间, before+具体时间 一般现在时（一般现在时（the simple present tensethe simple present tense）） 1. 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。时间状语： every…, sometimes, on Sundays I leave home for school at 7 every morning.every morning. He sometimessometimes stays in bed until lunch time. My mother nevernever comes to see me. They often often listen to the radio in bed. Mike usually usually goes to bed at 10 o’clock. Our teacher frequentlyfrequently checks our homework. 2. 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。 The earth moves around the sun. Laziness results in poverty. London stands on the Thames. Reading broadens one’s horizon. 3. 表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情,下列动词：come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般 现在时表将来。 The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.Whe