“形容词、副词的比较级、最高级”：考点讲解和训练

形容词、副词的比较级、最高级： 考点讲解与训练 一、两者相比，甲=乙，用“as +形容词或副词原级+ as” 。如： He is as tall as me. He got up as early as I did. 二、两者相比，甲＜乙，用“not as/so+形容词或副词原级+as” 。如： He cannot run so/as fast as you. Corn doesn’t need as/so much water as rice. 1、as„as 结构的基本用法 其基本意思为“与„„一样” ，其中的第一个 as 副词，其后通常接形容词 或副词(用原级)，第二个 as 可用作介词(后接名词或代词)或连词(后接从 句)。使用时应注意以下几点： （1）在否定句中，第一个 as 也可换成 so： He doesn’t study as [so] hard as his brother. （2）两个 as 之间通常接形容词或副词的原级，但若涉及数量或程度，可 用“as much+不可数名词+as”和“as many+可数名词复数+as” ： You’ve made as many mistakes as I have. I haven’t got as much money as I thought. （3）中间接形容词时，有时该形容词还可修饰另一名词，但这个名词应 带有不定冠词(注意词序)：当 as…as 中间有名词时，名词要放在形容词之 后。如： This is asgood an example as the other is. I can carry asmuch paper as you can.。 She is as good a cook as her mother. （=She is a cook as good as her mother） 2、关于第二个 as 的词性 （1）第二个 as 后接从句时，该 as 通常为连词，但有时这个 as 还充当其 后从句的主语或宾语，此时该 as 实为关系代词。如： I gave him as much as he could eat. We’ve got food for as many people as want it. （2）若第二个 as 用作连词引导一个表示将来意义的从句，则该从句可用 现在时表示将来，也可直接使用将来时态。如： We’ll get there as soon as you do [will]. 3、as„as„结构的修饰语 该结构根据情况可用使用以下修饰语： (not) nearly, almost, just, nothing like, exactly, not quite, half, one-ten, twice, three times, 30 per cent 等， 并且这些修 饰语必须置于第一个 as 之前，而不能置于其后。如： He doesn’t play half as well as his sister. This dress is twice as expensive as that. 4、as„as„结构的省略 （1）在非正式场合(尤其是美国英语中)，有时可以省略第一个 as。如： When over forty, he married a woman poor as himself. （2）若意思明确，有时可省略第二个 as 及其后的相关词语。如： The pianos in that shop will be cheaper, but not as good. 三、两者相比，甲＞乙，用“比较级形容词或副词+ than”。如： You are taller than me. He reads more careful than me. （more…than…的用法） 1、表示“比……更多” ：此时 more 为 many 或 much 的比较级，表示数 量，后接名词。如： I made more mistakes than you. Last year there were more births than deaths. He’s got more money than the rest of us together. 注：若 more 受 much 或 many 修饰，则分别与不可数和可数名词连用。 如： His car cost much more money than mine. There are many more people than we expected. 2、表示“比…更” ：此时 more 后接多音节形容词或副词，构成比较级， 表示对两者进行比较。如： He is more careful than the others. Travelling by train is more relaxing than driving. This company is more concerned with quality than with quantity. 3、表示“与其说……不如说” ：此时不是对两个对象进行比较，而是对同 一个人或物在两个不同方面进行比较或取舍，此时不论形容词或副词是单 音节、双音节还是多音节，一律用 more…than…。如： He is more lucky than clever. He was more frightened than hurt. It is more grey than brown. He is more (a) scholar than (a) teacher. 四、多者比较，用“the+最高级+比较范围”。如： Tom is the tallestin his class. Kate wrote (the) most carefully of all. 五、比较等级的特殊句型 1、less/least +原级：表示降级的比较级或最高级。如： I am even less lucky. This is the least useful of the four books. 2、 the+比较级, the+比较级： 表示后者随着前者的变化而变化， 意为“越…… 就越……”；前者相当于一个条件句，因此，要用一般现在时代替一般将 来时。如： The harder you work, the better result you’ll get. 3、the+比较级(+of the two)：表示“两者中较……的那个人或物”。如： Tom is the taller of the two brothers. 4、比较级+and+比较级：表示“越来越……”，单音节形容词或副词用 “-er+and +-er”，如： warmer and warmer 越来越暧和； 多音节形容词或副词用―more and more…‖如 more and more beautiful 越来 越美。 5、比较级+than any other+单数名词：表示最高级意义。如： Mike is more intelligent than a