过去完成时教学案
授课学案授课学案 学生:授课教师:颜丹丹班主任:科目:初三英语 上课时间: 2016年月日时—时 跟踪上次授课情况跟踪上次授课情况 上次授课回顾上次授课回顾 作业完成情况作业完成情况 ○完全掌握○基本掌握○部分掌握○没有掌握 ○全部完成○基本完成○部分完成○没有完成 本次授课容本次授课容 授课标题授课标题 学习目标学习目标 重点难点重点难点 过去完成时 1. 通过与一般过去时的比较,导入过去完成时的概念。 2. 使学生正确理解和掌握过去完成时的概念结构和用法。 过去完成时的用法。 授课容授课容 【专题导入】【专题导入】 原句:原句:An apple a day, keeps the doctor away.An apple a day, keeps the doctor away. ate an apple slept ----|----------------------- |----------------------|------------------- Had eaten an applesleptnow 定从:定从:I had eaten an apple before I slept.I had eaten an apple before I slept.(After I had eaten an apple, I slept.)(After I had eaten an apple, I slept.) 【考点梳理】【考点梳理】 一、过去完成时的概念与结构特点 概念:过去完成时(past perfect tense)表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成 了的动作。它表示动作发生的时间是“ 过去的过去” 。它是一个相对的时态,它是一个相对的时态,只有在和过去某只有在和过去某 个时间或动作相比较时才会用到。个时间或动作相比较时才会用到。 ----|-------------------------- |-------------------------------|-------------------------- 那时以前那时现在 构成: 过去完成时由“ 助动词 had + 过去分词” 构成, 它的否定句是在 had后边加 not , 变一般疑问句是把 had提前。其中 had 通用于各种人称。 E.g. I had reached the station before 9:00 o clock. I had not reached the station before 9:00 o clock. Had you reached the station before 9:00 o clock?(思考如何回答) 二、用法: 1、表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。 这个过去的时间状语有 by, by the time of ,等介词短语或者是 when,before,after 等引导的从句。如: ⑴ 由 by, by the end of, by then 等引导的状语从句。 By the time they arrived, the bus had left. 翻译:昨夜十点钟之前他已经上床睡觉了。 He had gone to bed by 10:00 last night.He had gone to bed by 10:00 last night. ⑵ 由 when,before,after 等引导的从句。 They had already finished cleaning the classroom when their teacher came.(当老师来的时候他们 已经打扫完了教师) ⑶ 在 told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词引导的宾语从句中, 一般用过去完成时。 , 表 示在谈话或产生某种想法之前发生的事情。 例如:He said that he had known her well. 他说他很熟悉她。 She wondered who had left the door open. 她想知道是谁没关门。 I thought I had sent the letter a week before. 我认为我一星期前就把信寄出去了。 2、表示 从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。常与for 或 since 等 连用.如: She had worked in this school since it opened 25 years ago. I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came. 当车来的时候,我在车站已等了20 分钟。 三、过去完成时-语法判定 根据“标志”由时间状语来判定 一般说来,各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有: by , by the end of ,by then, 或者 when,after, before 等引导的状语从句。以及句 子中会出现的 already,just,once等词语。也会有 for……或 since…… I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday. We hadn t seen each other since he went to Beijing. 注意:我们不一定非得用过去完成时表示过去先发生的事件,因为有时句意非常清楚。注意:我们不一定非得用过去完成时表示过去先发生的事件,因为有时句意非常清楚。 ⑴before, afterbefore, after 引导的时间状语从句中,由于引导的时间状语从句中,由于 beforebefore 和和 afterafter 本身已表达了动作的先后关本身已表达了动作的先后关 系,若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连,则主、从句都用一般过去时。系,若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连,则主、从句都用一般过去时。 例如: After he had finished his homework, he went to bed./After I finishedmy work, I went home. After he closed the door, he left the classroom. ⑵动作的顺序往往十分清楚时,我们通常用一般过去时表示依次发生的事件。动作的顺序往往十分清楚时,我们通常用一般过去时表示依次发生的事件。 例如:I got out of the taxi, paid the fare, tipped the driver and dashed into the station. 【经典例题】【经典例题】 1. He ______ in Shanghai University for four years before he ______ Beijing. A. studied, had goneB. had studied, went C. has studied, goesD. had studied, had gone 解析:解析:“ “他去之前在上大学学习了