中考复习专题之宾语从句讲解和练习(无答案)
宾语从句 教学目标:1.让学生认识并能够区分宾语从句 2. 掌握宾语从句的考点(连接词、时态、语序) 3. 宾语从句的巩固练习 教学重难点:1.能够区分简单的句子结构 2. 在做题过程中识别把握宾语从句的考点 一.概念: f We know him. 试比较khrkF rh We knowhehkesEnqhsh. 主语谓语从句主语从句谓语从句宾语 宾语从句 宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语,它既可以是谓语动词的宾语也可以使介词宾语 [举例】 He said he was good at drawing.(动词宾语) He asks him how long Mike has been down.(动词宾语) Miss Zhang is angry at what you said.(介词宾语) .宾语从句的引导词有三类: (1)以that引导的宾语从句,主要用来引导句形式的宾语从句,that可以省略。 【举例】The radio says (that) the clouds will lift later on. She told me (that) she would like to go with us. (2)由连接代词 Who, whom, whose, which, what 和连接副词 where, how, why, when 引导的宾语 ~ 从句。这些连词既有词义又充当句子成份。 e.g.l) Do you know whose book it is?(谁的,作定语) 2)Could you tell me why the train is late?(为什么,作状语) 3)He asked who could answer the question.(谁,作主语) ⑶以whether或if引导的宾语从句,主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思 的宾语从句,从句同样是陈述语序(注:whether.or not为固定搭配) [举例】I wonder if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei. if& whether 的区别: 1. I don9t know he will come or not. 与or not连用只能用whether 2. I don t care of he is handsome. 介词宾语只能用whether 3. He wondered to stay here the next week. 与to do不定式连用只能用whether 4. he will come is not decided. 做主语只能用whether 【找出下列句子中的宾语从句】 1. Do you know who is the first Chinese astronaut(宇航员)? 2. Our teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun. 3. Please tell me where she has gone. 4.1 don t know if he will come tonight. 5. Lefs find out whafs on tonight. 6. We are proud of that Beijing is one of the biggest cities in the 二. 宾语从句的时态: ❶.当主句是一般现在时,宾语从句的时态不作限制,我们可以根据句子的意思来使用 需要的任何一种时态。 r Tom has been to Guilin twice . she will come tomorrow . 例:I hear (that) Jim went to work an hour ago . he is interested in English ❷当主句是一般过去时的时候,宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态,从而达到 主句和从句的相互一致。 r he would go to Xi an . he was ill yesterday . 伊!]: He said (that)\ he was reading a book . he had had supper already . ❸当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时,就不用受到主句时态的限 制,仍是用一般现在时态。 e・g He said that the sun is much bigger than the moon . The teacher told the students that no news is good news . We should know what he said is only the truth . I know that he is an wonderful student. The PE teacher said that doing morning rcise is useful to our health . 三. 语句的顺序 无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序,即是“主语在前, 谓语在后”的顺序。 e.g Could you tell me how I can get to the Science Museum ? He asked him where he came from . Did you know whafs the name of the handsome boy in the classroom yesterday? Please tell me where I can buy the beautiful flower . 四. 宾语从句的否定形式 一般而言,宾语从句的否定式与一般句子的否房式是一样的。但若主句谓语动词是think, expect, believe , guess , imagine , suppose等表示“认为,猜想“的词时,一般要把宾语从句 中的否定式转移到主句中。 e.g I don t think it s going to rain . I don t believe she will lend you the money . 举一反三,学的更轻松! 1. The teacher asked the students. A. if they were interested in dinosaurs B. when was Albert Einstein born C. what will they do with the computers D. how many trees have they planted 2. Could you tell me? A. what the matter is with you B. what