同等学力英语语法总结
同等学力英语 比较状语从句 常用引导词:as(同级比较), than(不同程度的比较) 特殊引导词:the more … the more … ; just as …, so…; A is to B what /as X is to Y; no … more than; not A so much as B She is as bad-tempered as her mother. 她和她妈一样脾气急躁。 The house is three times as big as ours. 这所房子是我们的三倍大。 The more you rcise, the healthier you will be. 越熬炼你就越健康。 Food is to men what oil is to machine. 食物之于人,犹如油之于机器。 同等学力英语 让步状语从句 引导让步状语从句的连词和词组:although, though(虽然);even if,even though(即使);as,while(尽管);whether…or(不论……还是);whoever,no matter who(无论谁);whenever, no matter when(无论何时);however,no matter how(无论怎样);whatever,no matter what(无论什么)等。 (1)although和though都表示“虽然”,但although比though正式,更多用于句首;二者都可与yet,still或nevertheless连用,但不能和but连用: He didn’t stop working though(或although)he was ill. 他虽然病了,但未停止工作。 (2)as引导的让步状语从句要用倒装语序,可用though代替,但比though语气强,被倒装的部分可以是表语、状语和动词原形: Child as(或though)he is, he knows a lot.[表语;名词] 他虽然是个孩子,但懂得许多。 ▲当表语是可数名词单数时,不能加不定冠词a(或an)。 Good as he is, he will never be top of his class.[表语;形容词] 他虽然很好,但他决不会成为班上的尖子。 Hard as(或though)he works, he makes little progress.[状语;副词] 虽然他工作很努力,但却几乎没有进步。 Try as(或though)he might, he could not find a job.[谓语;动词原形] 不管他怎么努力,他还是找不到工作。 (3)while有时可引导让步状语从句,但一般要位于句首: While I like the color, I don’t like the shape. 我虽然喜爱那颜色,但不喜爱那形态。 (4)whatever(或whenever…)和no matter what(或when…)二者都可引导让步状语从句,但前者有时还可以引出主语从句和宾语从句等,后者却不行: Whatever(或No matter what)you say, I won’t believe you.(状语从句) 不管你说什么,我决不信任你的话。 I’ll eat whatever(≠no matter what)you give me.[宾语从句] 你给我什么我就吃什么。 同等学力英语 方式状语从句 引导方式状语从句的连词:as(犹如);as if(或as though)(似乎)。 (1)as和like都有“就像”的意思,as是连词,后加句子;like是介词,后加名词、代词或名词性短语: I work as others do(或like others). 我像别人那样工作。 (2)as if,as though两者意义相同,从句谓语动词常用虚拟语气,as if比as though更常用: They are talking as if (或as though)they had seen a ghost. 他们谈着话,就像是见了鬼。 ▲as if和as though有时可引导表语从句。 同等学力英语 条件状语从句 引导条件状语从句的连词或词组:if,suppose,supposing(that),provided,providing(that),on condition that(假如,假如);unless(除非);so(或as)long as(只要);in case(万一)。 在条件状语从句中,要用一般时态代替将来时(和时间状语从句相同): You will miss the train if you don’t hurry. 你要不快点,就会误了火车。 ▲will表示“情愿”时,是情态动词,可用与条件状语从句: If you will go, please tell me. 假如你情愿去的话,请告知我。 (1)unless在意义上等于if…not,但比if语气更强: You will fail unless you study hard. (= You will fail if you do not study hard.) 除非你努力学习,否则你要失败。 ▲if可用于虚拟语气,unless不用于虚拟语气。 (2)suppose和supposing(that)相当于if。 (3)provide,providing that,on condition that,so(或as)long as相当于only if: As long as ( = Only if) you don’t lose heart, you will succeed. 只要你不灰心,你就会胜利。 (4)in case Do tell us in case you have any trouble. 万一有什么困难,肯定告知我们。 ▲in case引导目的状语从句时也可用should表示可能性小些。 同等学力英语 结果状语从句 引导结果状语从句的连词:so…that,such…that(如此……以致于);so that,that(结果)等。 (1)so…that,such…that 常用句型为: so+形容词(或副词)+that so+形容词+a(或an)+单数可数名词+that such+a(或an)(+形容词)+单数可数名词+that such(+形容词)+