中考复习专题—宾语从句导学案

20192019 年中考复习专题年中考复习专题------宾语从句导学案宾语从句导学案 Name______________ 一、一、什么是宾语从句什么是宾语从句 当一个句子的是由一个句子来充当的时候， 这个充当全句的宾语成分的句子就叫做 宾语从句。宾语从句从属于主句，不能独立。 例句Iknowhim. 句子成分 ______________ 例句Iknowwho he is. 句子成分 __________________ 二、二、宾语从句三要素宾语从句三要素引导词引导词、、语序语序、、时态时态 1. 1.连接词（引导词）连接词（引导词） （1）由 that 引导的是用于陈述事实的句子。注意，that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中 不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略。 2. 2.语序语序 宾语从句的语序用陈述语序，即陈述语序，即连接词主语谓语其他成分 e.g. I hear thathe will be back in an hour. He said that he missed us very much. The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun. （2）由 if/ whether 意为“是否” ，引导的是由一般疑问句充当的宾语从句。 常用在 ask, know，wonder, can could you tell me 等后， 且要将引导的一般疑问句改为陈述句语序。 练一练将两个简单句合成一个含有宾语从句的复合句 ①I wonder.②Will he go to the park with us ______________________________________________ ①I ask him.②Can he come _______________________________________ ①Could you tell me②Does Mr. Lilives here _______________________________________________ 注意只能用 whether 不能用 if 的四种情况 ①①在介词后面 I’m thinking ofwe should go fishing. We are worried aboutit will rain tomorrow. ②②在动词不定式前whether to do sth. They asked meto go skating. ③③当与 or not 连用，或提出两种选择时 I don’t knowhe’s free or not. Mary askedI was doing my homework or not. 1 Tell meyou’d like to go shopping or tidy the room. ④④宾语从句提前时 this is true, I can’t say. Practice time请为下列各个句子选用 if / whether 来填空。 1. I asked her ____________ she had a bike. 2. We’re worried about ____________ he is safe. 3. I wonder ____________ he is well. 4. I don’t know ____________ or not he is well. 5. I don’t know ___________ to go. 3.由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which,what和连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾 语从句。 注当宾语从句是特殊疑问句充当时，特殊疑问句的疑问词作引导词连接主句和从句， 并在从句中担任句子成分， 具有一定的意义，不可省略，且要将疑问句语序改为陈述句 语序。 Practice time 1. Do you know_________________________________（Who are they waiting for） 2. Do you know ________________________________（When will we have a meeting） 3. Please tell me _______________________________. （Where is he ） 4. Can you tell me _______________________________（How can I get to the station） 5. Could you tell me _____________________________（Why is the train late） 6. He asked ________________________________. （Who could answer the question） 7. He asked________________________________. （Whose bike was the best in the class） 难点突破难点突破有些特殊疑问句的特殊疑问词本身就是句子的主语， 因此，它的语序已经是 陈述句语序，做宾语从句时，语序方面不需要改变。 Can you tell me what is over thereHe asks who can answer the question. 主语主语 思考He asked me ___________________________ . A. who planned to go to the park with him B. that I would go to the park with him C. how could he to the park D. when I will go the the park with him 2 否定的转移否定的转移 注意----若主句谓语动词为 think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, guess, imagine等， 其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义， 一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上， 从句谓语用肯定 式。 （1）我认为这条裙子不适合你穿。 错误的表达I think this dress doesn’t fit you well. 正确的表达. （2）我认为你是不对的。 错误的表达I think you are not right. 正确的表达. （3）我认为你今天无法完成工作。 错误的表达I believe you will not finish the work today. 正确的表达. 3. 3.时态时态①①主过从也过；主过从也过；②②主现从任意；主现从任意；③③客观真理更好记客观真理更好记 ①主过从也过如果主句是过去的时态