句子结构成分分析讲解加练习完整版

I.根据结构划分①简单句 SV （主谓） SVP（主谓表） SVO （主谓宾） SVoO （主谓间宾直宾） SVOC （主谓宾宾补） 并列句and, but, or 复合句名词从句（宾，主，表， 同） 副词从句（状语从句） 形容词从句（定语从句） II.根据功能划分陈述句 疑问句（一般疑问句，特殊疑问句，选择疑问句，反义疑问 句，修辞疑问句） 祈使句 感叹句 I. 常用作连系动词 ①变成,变得become, come, fall, get, go, grow,, turn 口诀好是come,坏是go;天气、外貌慢慢grow;颜色、天气大不同turn； Get\ become 口语化，如果要说就用它. 口诀解读 Come 一般表示事物由坏变好，结果是好的。 如Dreams come true.梦想成真。 Go 一般表示事物由好变坏，结果是不好的。 如Its such a hot day today that this dish has gone smelly.今天太热了,菜都馒了。 Grow表示逐渐变化，强调的是缓慢变化的过程，后面往往接表示天气或外貌变 化的静态形容词。 如I want to grow old with you.我想和你一起慢慢变老。 Run与grow是对应的，其主语多为能流动，能消耗的东西。 如Still water runs deep.静水深流。 Turn多接表示颜色和天气的形容词，侧重于表达与之前大不相同。 如The weather suddenly turned hot.天气突然变热了。 In spring the trees turn green, the flowers come out. 春天树变绿 了，花开 了。 II.代双宾语的动词 “七给” 一 “带” to不少，买”画“制作” for来了。 1、七给（give, pass, lend, write, show, send, hand）和“带”（bring）8 个及物动词, 在直接宾语前置时，必须在后面加上“to”。即vt・ sth. to sb.” 如He lent some money to me.类似动词 的还有get,mail,offer,owe（借）， pay,promise,read,sell,take,teach 等 2、“buy”（买）；“draw”（画）；“make”（制作）三个动词，在直接宾语前置时，则必须 在后边加for”，构成 “vt. sth. for sb.”。 如Mother bought a new dress for me。类彳以的动词还有build, choose, cook, cut, do, find, fix,leave,order（订购）,reach 等。 反意疑问句 附在陈述句之后，对陈述句所说得事实和观点提出疑问。 一般来说有两种形式陈述肯定，则所附问句否定；陈述句否定，则所附问句肯 定。 The Embarrassed Magician. Magician （to youngster he has called up on the stage） Now, my boy, you have never seen me before, have you Boy No Daddy. You have completed that job, haven t you You have not completed that job, have you 祈使句 用以表示请求，命令，劝告，建议等语气的句子。 主语You常省略，只以动词原形开头。 一般没有时态变化，不与情态动词连用。 Stop bugging me. Don t judge a book by its cover. Don t get me wrong. Let s just have a rest. Let s hope for the best. Let bygones be bygones Make hay while sun shines. 感叹句 主要由what和how来引导。 What结构主要有两种 A、What a（n）形容词可数名词单数谓语部分 What a lovely boy he is B. What形容词不可数名词或可数名词复数谓语部分 What foolish mistakes you have made. What nice weather （it is） How结构主要有一种 A. How形容词/副词主谓部分 How lovely the boy is How fast the time flies B. How主谓部分（实义动词做谓语） How I hate exam我真烦考试 How he snores他鼾声如雷 （二）practice 2.分析下列句子成分，并判断句子结构类型。 Time flies by. I m on a diet. I own you one. It slipped my mind. Old habits die hard. I enjoy your company. I can t stand the heat. Chatting on the internet brings me a lot of fun. He speaks English well. Teachers will make your English better. They found the dead boy. They found the boy dead. I found the book easily. I found the book easy. Tom found Jim an apartment. We found John a loyal friend. I will find you a good teacher. She will make him a good wife. She will make him a good husband.