九年级英语复习被动语态和动词不定式作主语的用法人教版+朗文
九年级英语复习被动语态和动词不定式作主语的用法人教版＋朗文九年级英语复习被动语态和动词不定式作主语的用法人教版＋朗文 【同步教育信息同步教育信息】 一. 本周教学内容 复习被动语态和动词不定式作主语的用法 被动语态属于中考中应该掌握的内容，特别是一般现在时，一般过去时以及带有情态 动词的被动语态。 英语动词有两种语态主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被 动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 结构被动语态由助动词 be＋及物动词的过去分词构成。 在被动语态中也有各种时态，而时态的变化是由助动词be 的变化来决定的，过去分词 不变。 肯定句主语＋助动词 be＋过去分词＋by 否定句主语＋助动词 be not p.p. by 一般疑问句Be 主语＋过去分词＋by 特殊疑问句疑问词＋be＋主语＋过去分词＋by 以 teach 为例 肯定句 I am 一般现在时He / She is taught We / You / They are I was 一般过去时He / She was taught We / You / They were I am 一般现在时He / She isght not tau We / You/ They are I was 一般过去时He/ She was not taught We / You / They were Am I Is he / she ht taug Are w/ e you/ they 否定句 疑问句及简略回答 一般现在时 Yes, I am. No, I am not. Yes, he / she is. No, he / she isn’t. Yes, we / they are. No, we / they aren’t. 一般过去时 Was I / he/ she t taugh Were w/e you/ they Yes, I / he /she was. No, I / he / she wasn’t. Yes, we / they were. No, we / they weren’t. 情态动词 must I / He / She / We 肯定句can be taught You / They may mustnt I/ He/She/We 否定句cant be taught You/They may not 疑问句及简略回答 I tCan/ MayHe/SheMus/ be taught We/ you/ they Yes, I /she / he / we / you /they must / can / may. No, I/ he /she / we /you / they mustn’t/ can’t / may not. 请同学们记住以下几点 被动语态的用法 A. 当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。 B. 只需要强调动作的承受者时。 e.g. This bridge is made of stone. 这座桥是由石头建成的。 The telephone is made in Guangdong. 电话是在广东制造的。 主动语态变成被动语态的方法 1. 将原句中的主语变成宾语。 2. 谓语动词改为被动形式be p.p 3. 原句的主语如果有必要存在，要放在 by 的后面，没有必要存在就可以省略。 e. g.M r S mi t h 被动语态English 主语 主语 t e a c h e s 谓语 E n g l i s h 宾语 is taughtby Mr Smith 主动语态变为被动语态的几种情况 1. 原句有一个宾语，结构是主语＋谓语＋宾语变被动的方法时就要按照例句 The workers built many houses. Many houses were built （by the workers） 2. 当原句中有两个宾语时，我们可以用两种方法。 e.g. Sarah gave me a nice kite. I was given a nice kite by Sarah. A nice kite was given to me by Sarah. 3. 当原句中含有宾语补足语时，变成被动语态时，宾语补足语不变。 e.g. The teacher told Mary to open the window. Mary was told to open the window （by the teacher） The boss made them do the work quickly. They were made to do the work quickly. 注意动词可以分为及物动词和不及物动词。及物动词才可以有被动语态，不及物动 词没有被动语态。而不及物动词加上副词或介词后，如果能相当于一个及物动词的作用， 就可以有被动语态。 e.g. Mrs King takes care of the books in the library. The books are taken care of by Mrs King in the library. 不是所有的主动句都可以变成被动语态的句子。 A. 当谓语动词是表示状态的动词时，如leave, reach, enter, have 等等。 e.g. David usually leaves home at eight every morning. B. 当宾语是反身代词时。 e.g. The students enjoyed themselves in the party yesterday. C. 有些短语动词相当于不及物动词的作用时，没有被动语态。 e.g. take place 发生，变化发生在某地或某时间 Great changes have taken place in Tianjin in the past ten years. 在过去的十年中天津发生了巨大变化。 请同学们将下列句子变成被动语态。 1. We plant trees in spring. 2. They sell a lot of things in the small shop. 3. He drew a horse on the wall. 4. The boys played football just now. 5. You must put your bike over there. 6. His son can use the computer now. 7. Grandma may keep these books for two weeks. 8. She needn’t tie sticks to the big trees. 9.
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