2019-2020年直击高考高考英语语法重难点系列专题01with的复合结构

2019-20202019-2020 年（直击高考）高考英语年（直击高考）高考英语 语法重难点系列语法重难点系列 专题专题 01 with01 with 的复合结构的复合结构 我们把学英语比作为修房子语法是房子的框架，词汇是房子的砖瓦，高级词汇和句型是房子的装 修。在这三者中语法是最基础的部分。学生只有掌握了基本的语法才能灵活运用英语这种语言，只有能活 用才会有能力的迁移。以下是按学习内容的难点、重点、考点以及学生的易错点分别做的英语语法系列归 纳。其特点是开门见山直击考点。几乎涵盖了所有的重要考点，这样学生觉得学有所用，最终形成前后 穿插、纵横交错、点面结合的立体知识结构图。 一、with 的复合结构 本结构在试卷上出现的频率非常高，学好这个结构我们能准确地进行答题、能更好地欣赏句子，同 时也能让我们的书面表达出彩。 with 复合结构常有以下结构 1. with 宾语 doing With so many people municating in English now, I find it very necessary to master it. 现在有那么多的人用英语交流，我发现掌握英语很有必要。 2. with 宾语 done With my room cleaned, I went to bed. 房间打扫了我就上床睡觉了。 3. with 宾语 to do This is my first book, with the second to e out next year. 这是我的第一本书，第二本明年出版。 4. with 宾语 to be done This is my first book, with the second to be published next year. 这是我的第一本书，第二本明年出版。 5. with 宾语 adj. a. They left the office in a hurry, with the door open. 他们匆忙离开了办公室，门都开着。 b. He always sleeps with the windows hal . 他总是把窗户半开着睡觉。 6. with 宾语 adv. With all the lights on, the city looks more beautiful. 在所有灯光的照耀下，这座城市显得更漂亮。 7. with 宾语 prep.-phrase He came in, with a basket on his back. 他进来了，背上背着一个篮子。 解析从上面的结构看1 首先要区分开在什么情况下用分词，什么情况下用不定式 如果表示 do 动作已 发生或者是经常性的就要用分词；如果do 动作还没有发生就要用动词不定式。逻辑上的主谓关系用 doing/to do,逻辑上的动宾关系用 done/to be done. a. With the boy leading the way, we found her house very easily. 有那男孩带路，我们很容易找到了她的家。 b. With the teacher helping me, I made much progress. 有老师帮我，我取得了很大的进步。 c. With the teacher to help me, I am sure I will also make progress. 有老师帮我，我相信我也能取得进步。 d . With his work finished, he spent his weekend playing football with his friends. 活干完了，他周末就和朋友一起踢足球。 e. With many problems settled, the manager went out for a tour. 许多问题解决了，经理出去玩了一趟。 2 注意下面句子的区别 a. With many problems to be settled, the manager took more care of his employees. 有许多问题要解决，经理更关心他的职工。 b. With many problems to settle, the manager even couldn’t afford time to have dinner sometimes. 有许多问题要解决，经理有时甚至都抽不出时间吃饭。 c. The teacher said to the students“With too many language points to be remembered, I am a little worried every day.” 老师对学生说“有太多的语言点要记，我每天都有点担心” d. The students said to the teacher“With too many language points to remember, we are a little worried every day.” 同学们对老师说“有太多的语言点要记，我们每天都有点担心” e. With two more letters to write, he has to stop watching TV. 还有两封信要写，他不得不停止看电视。 f. With five windows to be cleaned, the teacher dismissed his class ahead of time for students to do general cleaning. 有五个窗户要擦，老师提前下课了让同学们大扫除。 从上述例句可以看出主语直接参与do 动作用主动式 to do,主语不参与 do 动作就用被动式 to be done. 3）with 宾语 介词短语的用法 例如老师手里拿着书走进教室。→ a. The teacher came in, with a book in his hand. b. The teacher came in, with a book in his hands. c. The teacher came in, with books in his hand. d. The teacher came in, with books in his hands. 在这种结构中， 宾语位置上的名词和介词短语中的名词均不能单独出现。（如句中宾语位置上的名词book 和介词短语中的名词 hand）.如果去掉前面的介词with 就成了独立主格结构 a. The teacher came in, a book in his hand. b. The teacher came in, a book in his hands. c. The teacher came in, books in his hand. d. The teacher came in, books