定语从句语法知识点汇总

定语从句语法学问点汇总 定语从句Attributive Clauses在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出此时此刻先行词之后，由关系词关系代词或关系副词引出。下面就是我给大家带来的定语从句语法学问点汇总，盼望大家宠爱 1 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持相同。 1who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下 Is he the man who/that wants to see you 他就是想见你的人吗who/that在从句中作主语 He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。whom/that在从句中作宾语 2 Whose 用来指人或物，只用作定语, 假设指物，它还可以同of which互换, 例如 They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮助。 Please pass me the book whose of which cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。 3which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如 A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的旺盛。which / that在句中作宾语 The package which / that you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。which / that在句中作宾语 2 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 1when, where, why 关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于介词 which构造，因此时时和介词 which构造交替运用，例如 There are occasions when on which one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the place where in which I was born. 北京是我的诞生地。 Is this the reason why for which he refused our offer 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗 2that代替关系副词 that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和介词 which引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略，例如 His father died the year that / when / in which he was born. 他父亲在他诞生那年逝世了。 He is unlikely to find the place that / where / in which he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。 3 判定关系代词与关系副词 方法一 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词;而不及物动词那么要求用关系副词。例如 This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. Ill never forget the days when I worked together with you. 判定改错注先显示题，再显示答案，横线;用不同的颜色表示出。 错 This is the mountain village where I visited last year. 错 I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. 对 This is the mountain village which I visited last year. 对 Ill never forget the days which I spent in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。 方法二 精确判定先行词在定语从句中的成分主、谓、宾、定、状，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。 例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age A. where B. that C. on which D. the one 例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held. A. where B. that C. on which D. the one 答案例1 D，例2 A 例1变为确定句 This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago. 例2变为确定句 This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held. 在句1中，所缺局部为宾语，而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表语，又可做从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词，所以应选D。 而句2中, 主、谓、宾俱全，从句局部为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where，又因 in the museum词组，可用介词in which 引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on 用的不对，所以选A。 关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词 who, whom, that, which, whose; 先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词 where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 缘由状语 。 4 限制性和非限制性定语从句 1 定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不行缺少的局部，去掉它主句意思往往不明确;非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，例如 This is the house which we bought last month. 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。限制性 The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.这幢房子很