2020年初升高英语无忧衔接23动词时态和语态讲义

2020年初升高英语无忧衔接第二章语法知识衔接 专题三所词时态和语志沸义 第一部分一般现在时 一、表达形式 主动语态主语do/does其它 被动语态主语am/is/are及物动词过去分词 二、常用时间状语 every day, often, always, sometimes, once a week , in summer 三、基本用法 1、现在习惯性动作，即包括现在时刻在内的整个阶段经常性、习惯性动作。 The bank opens at 800 a.m. on weekdays. However busy I am, I write to my mother regularly. 2、（人、物）现在的特性、状态。 Now I am busy; I cant spare time for a holiday. That street is in bad condition, and smells terrible. 3、叙述客观真理、科学事实、格言及没有时限的客观存在。 Knowledge is strength . Light travels faster than sound. Japan lies to the east of China. 第二部分一般过去时 _、表达形式 主动语态主语do/does其它 被动语态主语am/is/are及物动词过去分词 二、常用时间状语 yesterday, last night, the night before, the other day, just now 等。 三、基本用法 1、用于表示在确定的过去时间里发生的动作或状态。如 I got to know him two years ago. He was seriously ill last week. 2、过去发生的经常性、反复性的动作或状态。如 China is different from what it used to be.不可换 As a child, I would go to sea along with my father. 可换 四、下列句型中动词用过去时. It is high/about time that we got to business. I would rather you knew the truth now. 第三部分现在进行时 一、表达形式 主动语态am/is/are doing 被动语态am/is/are/being done 二、常用时间状语 now, at present, at the moment 三、基本用法 1、用于表示此刻正在进行或发生的动作；现阶段正在进行而此刻不一定正在进行的动作。 At present Lao Li is showing some foreign friends around our workshop . ---Are you a native of Beijing ---No, I am studying for a doctors degree at Beijing University. 2、进行时与always,constantly, continually等副词连用，可表达赞扬、不满、讨厌等感情色彩。 He is always thinking of others. At school he was constantly playing a trick on others. 第四部分过去进行时 一、表达形式 主动语态was/were doing 被动语态 was/were being done 二、常用时间状语 at this time yesterday , at 800 last night 三、基本用法表达过去某一时刻某一阶段正在进行的动作。 I was making a long-distance call to my near relative before you arrived. In those years we were having a hard time. 第五部分现在完成时 _、表达形式 主动语态主语have/has done sth. 被动语态主语have/has been done. 二、常用时间状语 already, yet, ever since , in the pastlastfew years, so far, up to the present, until now, in recent years 等. 三、基本用法 1、过去的动作与现在有关系。 I have turned on the electric heater in the room. I turned on the electric heater, and the room is getting warm now. He has taken away my reference book. He took away my reference book, and now I cant use it. 2、表示动作从过去延续到现在，可能刚结束，也可能继续下去。 He has been in Beijing for two years. We have had plenty of rain here since we parted last month. 四、现在完成时与过去时的区别 He has worked in Paris for two years. He worked in Paris for two years. 五、用It is 一段时间 since主动词的过去时 六、特殊句型 It is the first time that I have visited China.序数词 This is the most beautiful city that I have ever seen.形容词的最高级 第六部分过去完成时 _、表达方式 主动语态主语 had done sth. 被动语态主语 had been done. 二、常用时间状语 by the end of last year/last term 三、基本用法 1、在过去某一时间或某一动作之前已完成的动作。 He said that he had arrived three days before. 2、动作或状态在过去某一时间之前已经开始，一直延续到这一过去时间。 By the time he came we had worked for two hours. 3）、hope, want, mean, expect, think等词，用过去完成时暗示原来 的希望或期待没有实现。 I