2022年中考英语复习讲义宾语从句

宾语从句的理解干货 1. 宾语从句的概念 2. 宾语从句语序 3. 宾语从句时态和引导词 注找宾语从句的方法与找定语从句的方法是一样的，需要我们去区别的是宾语从句还是主 语宾语，属于句子主干成分，在从句中做动词，介词和形容词的宾语。 【考点1】宾语从句的概念 宾语从句指的是在句子中起宾语作用的从句。 宾语从句分为三类动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾 语从句。 1. 动词的宾语从句He told us that they would help us though the whole work. I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day. 2. 介词的宾语从句The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space. 3. 形容词的宾语从句I am sure that I will pass the exam. He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill. 例题划出下列句子中的宾语从句。 1. None of us knows where these new parts can be bought. 2. We all find it important that we should make a quick decision about this mater. 3. We are talking about whether we admit students into our club. 4.1 am sorry that I have troubled you so long. 找从句有一个关键的方法，无论是哪种类型的从句，都可以按照 这个方法，从引导词开始找，往后看，看引导词后有几个谓语动词， 如果只有一个，这个从句就从引导词直到句末，如果有两个谓语次动 词，从句就在引导词开始数的第二个谓语动词之前。 答案1. None of us knows where these new parts can be bought. 2. We all find it important that we （should） make a quick decision about this mater. 3. We are talking about whether we admit students into our club. 4.1 am sorry that I have troubled you so long. 【考点2】宾语从句的语序 在含有宾语从句的复合句中，无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从 句必须使用陈述语序（因为你是在陈述别人的话），艮皑主句连 词宾语从句（主语谓语...） 如I hear that physics （主语）isnt （系动词）easy（表语）. I want to know how soon it （主语） will begin （t胃语）. Could you tell me what I （主语）should do （谓语）with the money Can you imagine what kind of man he is 【注陈述语序和疑问语序的区别】 对比分析下列例句 （1） Do you like English 基本结构助动词主语谓语动词宾语其他 Tom asked me if/whether I liked English. 基本结构引导词主语谓语动词宾语其他. 2 How will you go to Beijing 基本结构疑问词助动词主语谓语动词宾语其他 Tom asked me how I would go to Beijing. 基本结构引导词主语助动词谓语动词宾语其他. 总结疑问语序中，助动词要放在主语之前； 而在陈述语序中，有时没有助动词，如果有的话要放在主语之后。 例题 1 How about buying an i-phone 6s for your birthday Oh, ifs maybe too expensive, Dad. Do you know A. how much it costs B. how much does it cost C. how much it cost 答案A 例题 2 Do you know when today. A. is the bookstore closed B. does the bookstore close C. the bookstore closes 答案C 例题 3 We must remember. A. what our teacher said B. what did our teacher say C. what has our teacher said 答案A 【考点3】宾语从句的时态（难点） 宾语从句的时态应与主句时态相呼应。 TIPS 1.当主句为一般现在时，从句根据从句发生的时间该用什么时 态就用什么时态。 可用各种合适的时态 EgI want to know what time he got up this morning. I want to know what time he will leave. I want to know what he is doing. 2. 当主句为一般过去时从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表 示与主句谓语动作同时发生 I only knew he was studying in a western country, but I didnt know what country he was in. 从句用过去完成时表示该动作发生 在主句谓语动作之前 He told me that he had told Mary about the meeting already. 从句用过去将来时表示该动作发生 在主句谓语动作之后 The reporter asked if the government would take necessary measures to put down the to-do. 任意时态如果从句表示客观真理、自然现象或 者谚语时，宾语从句要用一般现在时 The teacher said that the moon goes around the earth yesterday. 总结当主句为一般过去时，从句都相应的往前推一个时态 一般现在时 对应 一般过去时 现在进行时 对应 过去进行时 一般将来时 对应 过去将来时 注除客观事实真理外，客观真理事实