2021届高考英语重难热点专练04阅读理解之议论文原卷版

重难热点04阅读理解之议论文 【命题趋势】 议论文是英语中的重要文体，在每年的高考阅读理解中占有一定的比例。 议论文就是说理性的文章，一般由论点、论据和论证过程组成。议论文都要提出论题、观点、提供充 分的证据，使用一定的逻辑方法证明观点或得出结论。议论文的写法通常有以下三种形式 写法一正方（甲方），反方（乙方），我认为 写法二提出问题，分析问题，解决问题。 写法三论点，理由（证据），重申论点。 议论文的内容涵盖文化、历史、文学、科学和教育等各个方面。在这类体裁的文章中把握好论点、论 据和论证很重要。此类体裁的文章中有关主旨大意和推理判断的题目会较多，这也是得分比较难的题型。 在阅读这类文章的时候，我们要认真把握作者的态度，领悟弦外之音，从而更好地依据文章的事实做出合 理的推断。 【满分技巧】 注意事项 1. 避免读得太快，做题靠印象和直觉。（要求每一道题回到原文去找答案） 2. 要先看题目，后读文章。（与先读文章，后看题目的比较） 高考材料阅读方法先通读全文，重点读首段、各段的段首段尾句，然后其他部分可以略读，再审题 定位，比较选项，选出答案。要有把握文章的宏观结构、中心句的能力。 3. 阅读中需要特别注意并做记号的有 （1）标志类、指示类的信息。 ① 表示并列关系and, also, coupled with等； ② 表示转折关系but, yet, however, by contrast 等； ③ 表示因果关系therefore, thereby, consequently, as a result 等； ④ 表示递进关系in addition to, even, whafs more, furthermore 等； ⑤ 表示重要性的词prime, above all, first等。 以上关键词有助于我们对文章逻辑结构的把握。 （2）具有感情色彩、显示作者态度的词blind盲目的（贬）,excessively过分的（贬）,objective（客观）等。 4. 常见问题 （1）读不懂怎么 问题本身太空泛，应该仔细分析问题到底在哪儿。首先要能意识到自身问题所在。 unconscious incompetent （无意识无能力）属于问题认知的第一阶段； conscious incompetent （有意识无能力）属于问题认知的第二阶段； conscious competent （有意识有能力）属于问题认知的第三阶段； unconscious competent （无意识有能力）属于问题认知的第四阶段。 从认知的第三阶段达到第四阶段，是一个反复熟练的过程。 （2）读懂了文章之后还做错题怎么办 （3）做完了一遍不愿意看第二遍怎么办 （4）做题技巧用不上怎么办 能够不由自主地按照正确的思路解题了，才表明我们正确掌握了这些技巧。 在课堂听明白之后，还需要回去自己思考，针对自己的实际进行分析，从而对症下药。 【热点话题】 议论文热衷于社会现象类，社会热点类。 【限时检测】（建议用时30分钟） A （合肥六中2020届高三冲刺最后一卷） 话题虽然医疗技术越来越发达，在动物身上已经成功实施了脑部移植， 但是作者认为不应该进行脑部移植。 难度★★ 建议用时5分 Nowadays medical technology seems to be advanced enough for doctors to per brain transplants （移植）. Though this procedure has only been successfully pered on animals so far, doctors are still hoping to per this procedure on humans. However, in my opinion, brain transplants should not be pered at all, especially not on humans because of the large number of problems and side effects that could come along with. Hopefully these dangerous side effects will convince doctors not to per this procedure on humans. Despite many benefits technology brings, I do not think this medical technology of brain transplants will help. We were all bom with one brain and through childhood to adolescence our mind developed into who we are, so if with a different brain we would no longer be unique. A person with a different brain would seem to be a total stranger and in many ways they would be. No one should steal our identity from us, even if we are seriously injured, and change it to a completely new one. Also for the people who have died with healthy brains, that was their identity and it should not be given to anyone else. Another problem with brain transplants is how doctors can choose what are healthy or normal brains. An elderly person who has died would have an aged brain that would not be as efficient as a younger persons brain. Then would doctors have to find healthy brains of the same age as the person who needs it This could also bring up other factors such as intelligence, gender, or physical problems that a person might have had before