初中代词用法归纳:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、疑问代词.doc
v1.0 可编辑可修改 代词是代替名词的词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词,按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、疑问代词、不定代词。 一. 人称代词 代替具体人名的词叫人称代词。它有一、二、三人称与单数、复数及性别之分,还有主格与宾格之分。 人称代词有人称、数和格的变化 (1)Who’s Kate 凯特是谁 She’s my friend. 她是我的朋友。 注she代替上文中的Kate,而不能再用Kate来重复回答Kate is my friend. (2)Li Lei is a boy. He’s twelve. 李雷是个男孩,他十二岁。 注he代替前句中的李雷。 (3)Look at that bird. It is Polly. 看那只鸟,它是波利。 注it代替前句中的that bird。 (4)Who’s it(门外有敲门声)谁呀 It’s me. 是我。 人称代词的用法 ★ 1)人称代词的主格在句子中作主语。 例如He is student. 他是一个学生。 ★ 2)人称代词的宾格在句子中作宾语或介词宾语,但在口语中也能作主语补语. 例如 I saw her with them at least, I thought it was her. 我看到她和他们在一起,至少我认为是她。(her做宾语,them做介词宾语,her做主语补语) -- Who broke the vase --谁打碎了花瓶-- Me. --我。(me做主语补语 Its me.) 难点主格和宾格的区别用法 主格做句子主语,而宾格作为动词或者介词的宾语。动宾结构或者介宾结构 例如Give it to me. (宾格) I love you. (主格) 3. 并列人称代词的排列顺序 ①单数人称代词并列作主语时,其顺序为 第二人称- 第三人称 - 第一人称,即you- he/she; it - I。 例如You, he and I should return on time. ②复数人称代词作主语时,其顺序为 第一人称 - 第二人称 - 第三人称,即we -you-they。 巩固练习用适当的人称代词填空。(前后两句人称与数保持一致) (1)My name is Amy. ________ am Amy. (2)Our names are Amy and Gina. ________ are Amy and Gina. (3)His name is Tim. _______ is Tim. (4)Her name is Alice. ______ is Alice. (5)Their names are Tim and Alice. ________ are Tim and Alice. (6)Your name is Li Peng. _______ are Li Peng. (7)Your names are Li Peng and Li Lei. _______ are Li Peng and Li Lei. (8)Its name is Mimi . _________ is Mimi. ★ 代词it的用法 ①指代前面提到过的事物。 如 The book on the desk is not mine. It is Jims. ②指代指示代词this或that. 如 ---Whats that ---It is a pen. ③指代婴儿或不明身份的人. 如Someone is knocking at the door. Please go and see who it is . ④指代时间或季节 如---What is the time now ---Its ten oclock. ⑤指代天气 如---Whats the weather like today ---Its sunny. ⑥指代距离 如How far is it from your school to your home ⑦用作形式主语,常用语下列句型中 It is adj.for/of sb. to do sth. 例句 It is easy for me to finish the homework. It is important for us to work hard. Its time to do/for /that.... 例句It’s time for eating lunch. Its time to get up /for lunch/that we went home. 二、物主代词 表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词,可分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。 形容词性物主代词 形容词性物主代词一般放在所修饰名词的前面,同时它们也有人称和数的变化。形容词性物主代词的前后是不出现冠词的,这是在书写句子时最容易犯的错误。如my father, his desk, our room, their names, your aunt等。 用法 形容词性物主代词起形容词作用,在句中只能作定语,也就是说它后面必须跟一个名词。 如This is my bike. 这是我的自行车。 Miss Gao is our English teacher. 高小姐是我们的英语老师。 I don’t know her name. 我不知道她的名字。 即形容词性物主代词+名词 【例】She is a student and name is Kate. A. she B. her C. hers D. his 名词性物主代词 名词性物主代词相当于形容词性物主代词名词,故其后不必加名词. 如 -Is this your book -No, it isnt, its hersher book. This book is mine. This is my book. Jims , Toms, Marias则是名词所有格。 巩固练习 一、用代词的适当形式填空 1.There is a letter for________ her 、hers mother. 2.That is _____ she coat. The coat is red.______ its is a new one. 3.Whose pens are these _______their are ______ we. 4.Give _______ he a toy, please. 5.________ we eyes are