2021年考研英语二真题及答案.docx

2021年考研英语二真题及答案 Section I Use of English Directions Read the following text. Choose the best words for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. 10 points Its not difficult to set targets for staff . It is much harder, 1 , to understand their negative consequences. Most work-related behaviors have multiple components. 2 one and the others become distorted. Travel on a London bus and you 11 3 see how this works with drivers. Watch people get on and show their tickets. Are they carefully inspected Never. Do people get on without paying Of course Are there inspectors to 4 that people have paid Possibly, but very few. And people who run for the bus They are 5 . How about jumping lights Buses do so almost as frequently as cyclists. Why Because the target is 6 . People complained that buses were late and infrequent. 7 , the number of buses and bus lanes were increased, and drivers were 8 or punished according to the time they took. And drivers hit these targets. But they 9 hit cyclists. If the target was changed to 10 , you would have more inspectors and more sensitive pricing. If the criterion changed to safety, you would get more 11 drivers who obeyed traffic laws. But both these criteria would be at the expense of time. There is another 12 people became immensely inventive in hitting targets. Have you 13 that you can leave on a flight an hour late but still arrive on time Tailwinds Of course not Airlines have simply changed the time a 14 is meant to take. A one-hour fight is now ballad as a two-hour flight. The 15 of the story is simple. Most jobs are multidimensional, with multiple criteria. Choose one criterion and you may well 16 others. Everything Can be done faster and made cheaper, but there is a 17 . Setting targets can and does have unforeseen negativeconsequences. This is not an argument against target-setting. But it is an argument for exploring consequences first. All good targets should have multiple criteria 18 critical factors such as time, money, quality and customer feedback. The trick is not only to 19 just one or even two dimensions of the objective, but also to understand how to help people better 20 the objective. 1. [A] therefore [B] however [C] again [D] moreover 2 . [A] Emphasizes [B] Identify [C] Asses [D] Explain 31. [A] Their engineers were retained. 32. [B] eliminate their potential competitors 33. [C] harm the national economy 34. [C] examine small acquisitions 35. [A]brought little financial pressure Text 4 We，re fairly good at judging people based on first impressions, thin slices of experience ranging from a glimpse of a photo to a five minute interaction, and deliberation can be not only extraneous but intrusive. In one study of the ability she called “thin slicing.” the late psychologist Nalini Ambady asked participants to watch silent 10-second video clips of professors and to rate the instructors overall effectiveness. Their ratings correlated strongl