小学英语语法、句型、词组知识点总结

壹英语语法重点与难点1. asas结构 You’re a boy as good as Tom.You’re as good a boy as Tom. 你和汤姆是一样好的孩子。 2. 1 tooto与 sothat sb. can’t的句型转换 前者为简单句，主语只有一个，而后者为复合句，主语有两个 The man was too angry to be able to speak. The man was so angry that he wasn’t able to speak. 2 tooto与 not enough to句型的转换 He is too young to get married. He is not old enough to get married. The book is too difficult for me to read. The book is not easy enough for me to read. 3. 形容词原级表示比较级含义 John is not so stupid as Mike. John is less stupid than Mike. John is cleverer than Mike. 约翰不象迈克那么苯。 4. 用比较级表示最高级 John is taller than any other boy in the class. John is the tallest boy in the class. 约翰是班里最高的男生。 5. the more.. the more.表示“越越” The more books you read, the wider your knowledge is. The more food you eat, the fatter you are. 6. more and more.表示“越来越” More and more students realized the importance of a foreign language. Our country is getting stronger and stronger. 贰词组 1. after, in这两个介词都可以表示“时间以后”的意思 after 以过去为起点,表示过去一段时间之后,常用于过去时态的句子中如She went after three days.她是三天以后走的 in 以现在为起点,表将来一段时间以后,常用于将来时态的句子中如She will go in three days.她三天以后要走 2. how long, how often, how soonhow long指多长时间,主要用来对一段时间如three days, four weeks 等提问如How long ago was it这是多久前的事了 how often指每隔多久,主要用来对频率副词或状语如once a week等提问如How often does he come here Once a month.他每隔多久来一次每月一次。 how soon指再过多久,主要用来对表示将来的一段时间in an hour, in two weeks 等提问如How soon can you come你多快能赶来 3. few, a few, little, a little, several, somefew 和little的意思是否定的,表示“很少”或“几乎没有”;而a few和a little的意思是肯定的,表示“有一些,有一点儿” few 和a few修饰可数名词;little 和a little 修饰不可数名词 several用于修饰可数名词,语意比a few和some更肯定,含有“好几个”的意思 some可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词,从数量上说,它有时相当于a few 或a little,有时指更多一些的数量 4. the other, another the other 指两个人或事物中的“另一个”,表示特指another着重于不定数目中的“另外一个”,表示泛指,所以常用来指至少三个中的一个如She has taken another of my books.她已经拿了我的另外一本书 5. spend, take, cost, pay spend的宾语通常是时间金钱在主动语态中,句子的主语必须是人,而且后面不能用动词不定式做它的宾语如She spent the whole evening in reading.她把整个晚上用来读书 take常常用来指“花费”时间,句子的主语通常是表示事物的词语如How long will this job take you你做这项工作要花多长时间 cost 指花费时间金钱或力气等,只能用表示事物的词做主语,并且不能用于被动语态如How much does the jacket cost这件夹克多少钱 pay 主要指主语某人买某物或为某事付多少钱给某人如I pay for my rooms by month.我按月支付租金 6. among, between between 的意思是“在中间,在之间”,一般指在两者之间如There is a table between two windows.在两扇窗户之间有一张桌子。between 有时也表示在多于两个以上的事物之间,但那是指在每二者之间。如the relationship between different provinces and municiplities省市和省市之间的关系这里是指每两个省市之间的相互关系 7. beat, win 这两个词都有“获胜,打败”的意思,但其后宾语不同beat是“打败,优于”的意思,后面接人或队如We beat them.我们打败了他们。 win指“赢,获胜”,后面接比赛名次如We won the match/game/race/the first place.我们赢了这场比赛获得了第一名。 8. agree with, agree to agree with表示“与意见一致”,后面既可以跟表示人的名词或人称代词,也可以跟表示意见。看法的名词或what引导的从句。如I agree with you without reservation.我毫无保留地同意你的意见。We agree with what you said just now.我们同意你刚才所说的意见。 agree to后面不能接人,只能接“提议,计划,方案”等词句如I agree to the terms proposed.我