3.精品-高中英语语法限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句

中学英语语法通霸3 怎样区分限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 形式上 不用逗号和主句隔开 用逗号和主句隔开 意义上 是先行词不行缺少的定语，起“指定是哪一个”的作用，去掉后句意不完整 是对先行词的补充说明，删除后句子意思仍完整 译法上 翻译成先行词的定语，“的” 通常翻译成主句的并列句 关系词的运用上 A. 作宾语时可省略； B.可用that; C. 可用who代替whom；D.可用why A. 不行省; B. 不用that; C. 不用who代替whom; D. why要换为for which 考点1. 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区分 A. 限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，与先行词之间一般不加逗号，仅修饰先行词，可以由关系代词、关系副词或that来引导。非限制性定语从句仅作补充或说明，用逗号与主句隔开，既可修饰先行词，又可修饰整个主句，不行用that引导。如 ① This is the house which we bought last month. 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性） ② The house, which we bought last month, is very nice. 这幢房子很美丽，是我们上个月买的。（非限制性） ③ I lost my money that day, for which I had to walk home. 非限制性，for which不能换为why，which代指前面 “I lost my money that day.”这句话 ④ He met with a pretty girl in the park, whom he fell in love at first sight. 非限制性，whom不能换为who B. 当先行词是专出名词或由物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的。如 ① Charles Smith, who was my er teacher, retired last year. 查理史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。 ② My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden. 我的房子，去年买的，带着个美丽的花园。 ③ This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍。 练习 翻译下列句子，留意体会限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句在表达意思上的区分。 1. He has a brother who is a physicist. He has a brother, who is a physicist. 2. He returned all the books which are written in English. He returned all the books, which are written in English. 3. The man who lives next door is a doctor. My sister, who lives next door, is a doctor. 4. A student who studies hard will make good progress. The student, who lives far from school, is the captain of their football team. 考点2. as, which引导的非限制性定语从句 A. as引导的非限制性定语从句位置较敏捷，可以位于主句前面、中间或后面，一般用逗号与主句隔开；但which所引导的非限制性定语从句不能放在句首。 As is known to all, he is the best student in our class. as指代整个句子，作主语，置于句首 He opposed the idea, as could be expected. as 指代整个句子，作主语，置于句末 Taiwan , as you know, is a part of China. as指代整个句子，作宾语，置于句中 He has to work on Sunday, which he doesn’t like. which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句后面 B. as引导非限制性定语从句，常带有“正如”。当从句为否定时不能用as。 She failed the exam again, as was unexpected. She failed the exam again, which was unexpected. √ C. as, which 可指代整个主句，也可指代主句的一部分。 He was very happy, as could be seen from the look on his face. as指代前面整个主句 He claimed he could speak three foreign languages, which is not true. which指代“he could speak three foreign languages”，指代前面一句话的一部分 D. as is often the case是常用说法，意为“像平常那样；正如常常发生的那样”，只能用as，不能用which。 1. 【2010四川】After graduating from college，I took some time off to go travelling, ______ turned out to be a wise decision. A. thatB. whichC. whenD. where 2. Eric received training in computer for one year, ______ he found a job in a big company. A. after thatB. after which C. after itD. after this 3. You were very impolite to him, for ______ you should make an apology to him, I think. A. thisB. whichC. whatD. that 4. His movie won several awards at the film q329950885 festival, ______ was beyond his wildest dream. A. whichB. thatC. whereD.