《数学专业英语》常用英文表达

MATHEMATICAL ENGLISHMATHEMATICAL ENGLISH Mathematical English ， School of Appl. Math. Aim of the Course Expected progress in the following aspects . Reading skills of the original mathematical articles and books . Writing skills of mathematical and other scientific articles . Translating skills of mathematical articlesboth translation from Chinese to English and English to Chinese * Reading, writing and translation of mathematical materials should be brife, simple, exact and easy to be understood 2 Some English expressions of numbers The set of numbers consists of real numbers and pure imaginary numbers shown as follows Complex numbersC Pure imaginary numbersI Real numbersR Rational numbersQIrrational numbersQ IntegersZ FractionsF Natural numbersN, Zero, Negatives of Natural Numbers Notice Reading of Integers one, ten, hundred, thousand, ten thousand, hundred thousand, million. Ten million, hundred million, billion 3 Expressions of some basic mathematical signs 1. General signs of operation Plus, positive - Minus, negative Example 23 read as two plus three Example 6-2 read as six minus two Plus or minus, Positive or negative Example read as equals plus or minus 3 Multiplied by, times Example 5 6read as 5 times 6 or 5 multiplied by 6 ,Over or is to or divided by 3 4 Exampleread as 3 over 4, three quarters, 3 divided by 4 3,x 4 x Proportion Example1 2read as the ratio of 1 to 2 0 0 Percent, Per cent Example 0 2 0 read as 2 Percent ‰Permille, per mille Example 5‰read as 5 per mille 2. Basic signs of relationships Be equal to, equals Be identical with/to, be equivalent to 5cExampleread as c is identical with to 5, c is equivalent to 5 5 Be not equal to Example 0cd a坠坠c plus d times a is not equals to 0 Be approximately equal to 3 0.429 7 3 divided by 7 is approximately Equal to zero point four two nine Example , Be less than, be greater than Example ,ab cda is less than b, c is greater than d ,３３ Be less than or equal to, be greater than or equal to Example38x- ＃- ＃x is greater than or equal to minus 3 and less than or equal to 8 , Be far less than, be far greater than Example6c- - c is far greater than minus 6 6 xA x belongs to A x is an element or a member of A x does not belong to A x is not an element or a member of A ABA is contained in B or A is a subset of B A contains B or B is a subset of A A cap B or A meet B or A intersection B A cup B or A join B or A union B A minus B or the difference between A and B 6 xA AB ∩AB UAB \A B Signs of elementary algebra Absolute value Example 217xThe absolute value of 2 times x plus 1 equals 7 nFactorial n Example 鬃鬃55 4 3 2 1 Factorial 5 equals 5 times 4 times 3 times 2 times1 ΣThe sum of the terms indicated,summation of Example 5 n n1 sThe sum of sn from n equals 1 to 5 The product of the terms indicated Example 1 n n a Product of all an from n equals 1 to infinity 7 max, min maximum value, minimum value Eampl